{"id":1394,"date":"2013-07-13T01:34:31","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:34:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=1394"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:34:31","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:34:31","slug":"28-the-synthesis-of-devotion-and-knowledge-vol-13-essays-on-the-gita-volume-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/01-sabcl\/13-essays-on-the-gita-volume-13\/28-the-synthesis-of-devotion-and-knowledge-vol-13-essays-on-the-gita-volume-13","title":{"rendered":"-28_The Synthesis of Devotion and Knowledge.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"6\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse\" width=\"100%\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div class=\"Section1\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'><b><br \/>\n<font size=\"3\">TWO<\/font><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;<span><b><font size=\"4\">The Synthesis of Devotion and<br \/>\nKnowledge*<\/font><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:1.0in;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:1.0in;line-height:150%'>\n<b><span><font size=\"4\">T<\/font><\/span><\/b><font size=\"2\">HE<\/font> Gita is not a treatise of metaphysical philosophy, in<br \/>\nspite of the great mass of metaphysical ideas which arise incidentally in its<br \/>\npages; for here no metaphysical truth is brought into expression solely for its<br \/>\nown sake. It seeks the highest truth for the highest practical utility, not for<br \/>\nintellectual or even for spiritual satisfaction, but as the truth that saves<br \/>\nand opens to us the passage from our present mortal imperfection to an immortal<br \/>\nperfection. Therefore after giving us in the first fourteen verses of this<br \/>\nchapter a leading philosophical truth of which we stand in need, it hastens in<br \/>\nthe next sixteen verses to make an immediate application of it. It turns it<br \/>\ninto a first starting-point for the unification of works, knowledge and<br \/>\ndevotion, \u2013 for the preliminary synthesis of works and knowledge by themselves<br \/>\nhas already been accomplished. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>We have before<br \/>\nus three powers, the Purushottama as the supreme truth of that into which we<br \/>\nhave to grow, the Self and the Jiva. Or, as we may put it, there is the<br \/>\nSupreme, there is the impersonal spirit, and there is the multiple soul,<br \/>\ntimeless foundation of our spiritual personality, the true and eternal<br \/>\nindividual, <i>mamaiv&#257;m&#347;ah<span>&#61481;<\/span><br \/>\nsan&#257;tanah<span>&#61481;<\/span><\/i>.<br \/>\nAll these three are divine, all three are the Divine. The supreme spiritual<br \/>\nnature of being, the Para Prakriti free from any limitation by the conditioning<br \/>\nIgnorance, is the nature of the Purushottama. In the impersonal Self there is<br \/>\nthe same divine nature, but here it is in its state of eternal rest,<br \/>\nequilibrium, inactivity, Nivritti. Finally, for activity, for Pravritti, the<br \/>\nPara Prakriti becomes the multiple spiritual personality, the Jiva. But the<br \/>\nintrinsic activity of this supreme Nature is always a spiritual, a divine<br \/>\nworking. It is force of the supreme divine Nature, it is the conscious will&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>*Gita, VII. 15-28.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin: 0\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 265<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;of the being of the Supreme that<br \/>\nthrows itself out in various essential and spiritual power of quality in the<br \/>\nJiva: that essential power is the Swabhava of the Jiva. All act and becoming<br \/>\nwhich proceed directly from this spiritual force are a divine becoming and a<br \/>\npure and spiritual action. Therefore it follows that in action the effort of<br \/>\nthe human individual must be to get back to his true spiritual personality and<br \/>\nto make all his works flow from the power of its supernal Shakti, to develop<br \/>\naction through the soul and the inmost intrinsic being, not through the mental<br \/>\nidea and vital desire, and to turn all his acts into a pure outflowing of the<br \/>\nwill of the Supreme, all his life into a dynamic symbol of the Divine Nature. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>But there is<br \/>\nalso this lower nature of the three Gunas whose character is the character of<br \/>\nthe ignorance and whose action is the action of the ignorance, mixed, confused,<br \/>\nperverted; it is the action of the lower personality, of the ego, of the<br \/>\nnatural and not of the spiritual individual. It is in order to recede from that<br \/>\nfalse personality that we have to resort to the impersonal Self and make<br \/>\nourselves one with it. Then, freed so from the ego personality, we can find the<br \/>\nrelation of the true individual to the Purushottama. It is one with him in<br \/>\nbeing, even though necessarily partial and determinative, because individual,<br \/>\nin action and temporal manifestation of nature. Freed too from the lower nature<br \/>\nwe can realise the higher, the divine, the spiritual. Therefore to act from the<br \/>\nsoul does not mean to act from the desire soul; for that is not the high<br \/>\nintrinsic being, but only the lower natural and superficial appearance. To act<br \/>\nin accordance with the intrinsic nature, the Swabhava, does not mean to act out<br \/>\nof the passions of the ego, to enact with indifference or with desire sin and<br \/>\nvirtue according to the natural impulses and the unstable play of the Gunas.<br \/>\nYielding to passion, an active or an inert indulgence of sin is no way either to<br \/>\nthe spiritual quietism of the highest impersonality or to the spiritual<br \/>\nactivity of the divine individual who is to be a channel for the will of the<br \/>\nsupreme Person, a direct power and visible becoming of the Purushottama.<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>The Gita has<br \/>\nlaid it down from the beginning that the very first precondition of the divine<br \/>\nbirth, the higher existence is the<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 266<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;slaying of rajasic desire and its<br \/>\nchildren, and that means the exclusion of sin. Sin is the working of the lower nature<br \/>\nfor the crude satisfaction of its own ignorant, dull or violent rajasic and<br \/>\ntamasic propensities in revolt against any high self-control and self-mastery<br \/>\nof the nature by the spirit. And in order to get rid of this crude compulsion<br \/>\nof the being by the lower Prakriti in its inferior modes we must have recourse<br \/>\nto the highest mode of that Prakriti, the sattwic, which is seeking always for<br \/>\na harmonious light of knowledge and for a right rule of action. The Purusha,<br \/>\nthe soul within us which assents in Nature to the varying impulse of the Gunas,<br \/>\nhas to give its sanction to that sattwic impulse and that sattwic will and<br \/>\ntemperament in our being which seeks after such a rule. The sattwic will in our<br \/>\nnature has to govern us and not the rajasic and tamasic will. This is the<br \/>\nmeaning of all high reason in action as of all true ethical culture; it is the<br \/>\nlaw of Nature in us striving to evolve from her lower and disorderly to her<br \/>\nhigher and orderly action, to act not in passion and ignorance with the result<br \/>\nof grief and unquiet, but in knowledge and enlightened will with the result of<br \/>\ninner happiness, poise and peace. We cannot get beyond the three Gunas, if we<br \/>\ndo not first develop within ourselves the rule of the highest Guna, Sattwa. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>\u201cThe evil-doers<br \/>\nattain not to me,\u201d says the Purushottama, \u201csouls bewildered, low in the human<br \/>\nscale; for their knowledge is reft away from them by Maya and they resort to<br \/>\nthe nature of being of the Asura.\u201d This bewilderment is a befooling of the soul<br \/>\nin Nature by the deceptive ego. The evil-doer cannot attain to the Supreme<br \/>\nbecause he is for ever trying to satisfy the idol ego on the lowest scale of<br \/>\nhuman nature; his real God is this ego. His mind and will, hurried away in the<br \/>\nactivities of the Maya of the three Gunas, are not instruments of the spirit,<br \/>\nbut willing slaves or self-deceived tools of his desires. He sees this lower<br \/>\nnature only and not his supreme self and highest being or the Godhead within<br \/>\nhimself and in the world: he explains all existence to his will in the terms of<br \/>\nego and desire and serves only ego and desire. To serve ego and desire without<br \/>\naspiration to a higher nature and a higher law is to have the mind and the<br \/>\ntemperament of the Asura. A first necessary step<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 267<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;upward is to aspire to a higher<br \/>\nnature and a higher law, to obey a better rule than the rule of desire, to<br \/>\nperceive and worship a nobler godhead than the ego or than any magnified image<br \/>\nof the ego, to become a right thinker and a right doer. This too is not in<br \/>\nitself enough; for even the sattwic man is subject to the bewilderment of the<br \/>\ngunas, because he is still governed by wish and disliking, <i>icch&#257;-dves<span>&#61481;<\/span>a<\/i>. He moves within the circle of<br \/>\nthe forms of Nature and has not the highest, not the transcendental and<br \/>\nintegral knowledge. Still by the constant upward aspiration in his ethical aim<br \/>\nhe in the end gets rid of the obscuration of sin which is the obscuration of<br \/>\nrajasic desire and passion and acquires a purified nature capable of<br \/>\ndeliverance from the rule of the triple Maya. By virtue alone man cannot attain<br \/>\nto the highest, but by virtue<span style='font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9 <\/span>he<br \/>\ncan develop a first capacity for attaining to it, <i>adhik&#257;ra<\/i>. For the crude rajasic or the dull tamasic ego is<br \/>\ndifficult to shake off and put below us; the sattwic ego is less difficult and<br \/>\nat last, when it sufficiently subtilises and enlightens itself, becomes even<br \/>\neasy to transcend, transmute or annihilate. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>Man, therefore,<br \/>\nhas first of all to become ethical, <i>sukr<span>&#61481;<\/span>t&#299;<\/i>,<br \/>\nand then to rise to heights beyond any mere ethical rule of living, to the<br \/>\nlight, largeness and power of the spiritual nature, where he gets beyond the<br \/>\ngrasp of the dualities and its delusion, <i>dvandva-moha.<br \/>\n<\/i>There he no longer seeks his personal good or pleasure or shuns his<br \/>\npersonal suffering or pain, for by these things he is no longer affected, nor<br \/>\nsays any longer, \u201cI am virtuous,\u201d \u201cI am sinful,\u201d but acts in his own high<br \/>\nspiritual nature by the will of the Divine for the universal good. We have<br \/>\nalready seen that for this end self-knowledge, equality, impersonality are the<br \/>\nfirst necessities, and that that is the way of reconciliation between knowledge<br \/>\nand works, between spirituality and activity in the world, between the ever<br \/>\nimmobile quietism of the timeless self and the eternal play of the pragmatic<br \/>\nenergy of Nature. But the Gita now lays down another and greater necessity for<br \/>\nthe Karmayogin who has unified his Yoga of works with the Yoga of knowledge.<br \/>\nNot knowledge<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9<\/span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Obviously, by the true inner <i>pun<span>&#61481;<\/span>ya<\/i>,<br \/>\na sattwic clarity in thought, feeling, temperament, motive and conduct, not a<br \/>\nmerely conventional or social virtue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>\n<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 268<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;and works alone are demanded of<br \/>\nhim now, but bhakti also, devotion to the Divine, love and adoration and the<br \/>\nsoul&#8217;s desire of the Highest. This demand, not expressly made until now, had<br \/>\nyet been prepared when the Teacher laid down as the necessary turn of his Yoga<br \/>\nthe conversion of all works into a sacrifice to the Lord of our being and fixed<br \/>\nas its culmination the giving up of all works, not only into our impersonal<br \/>\nSelf, but through impersonality into the Being from whom all our will and power<br \/>\noriginate. What was there implied is now brought out and we begin to see more<br \/>\nfully the Gita&#8217;s purpose. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>We have now set<br \/>\nbefore us three interdependent movements of our release out of the normal<br \/>\nnature and our growth into the divine and spiritual being. \u201cBy the delusion of<br \/>\nthe dualities which arises from wish and disliking, all existences in the<br \/>\ncreation are led into bewilderment,\u201d says the Gita. That is the ignorance, the<br \/>\negoism which fails to see and lay hold on the Divine everywhere, because it<br \/>\nsees only the dualities of Nature and is constantly occupied with its own<br \/>\nseparate personality and its seekings and shrinkings. For escape from this<br \/>\ncircle the first necessity in our works is to get clear of the sin of the vital<br \/>\nego, the fire of passion, the tumult of desire of the rajasic nature, and this<br \/>\nhas to be done by the steadying sattwic impulse of the ethical being. When that<br \/>\nis done, <i>yes<span>&#61481;<\/span>&#257;m<br \/>\ntvantagatam p&#257;pam jan&#257;n&#257;m pun<span>&#61481;<\/span>yakarman<span>&#61481;<\/span>am<\/i>,<br \/>\n\u2013 or rather as it is being done, for after a certain point all growth in the<br \/>\nsattwic nature brings an increasing capacity for a high quietude, equality and<br \/>\ntranscendence, \u2013 it is necessary to rise above the dualities and to become<br \/>\nimpersonal, equal, one self with the Immutable, one self with all existences.<br \/>\nThis process of growing into the spirit completes our purification. But while<br \/>\nthis is being done, while the soul is enlarging into self-knowledge, it has<br \/>\nalso to increase in devotion. For it has not only to act in a large spirit of<br \/>\nequality, but to do also sacrifice to the Lord, to that Godhead in all beings<br \/>\nwhich it does not yet know perfectly, but which it will be able so to know,<br \/>\nintegrally, <i>samagram m&#257;m, <\/i>when<br \/>\nit has firmly the vision of the one self everywhere and in all existences.<br \/>\nEquality and vision of unity once perfectly gained, <i>te dvandva-mohanirmukt&#257;h<span>&#61481;<\/span><\/i>, a supreme<br \/>\nbhakti, an all-embracing devotion<i><\/i><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 269<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;to the Divine, becomes the whole<br \/>\nand the sole law of the being. All other law of conduct merges into that<br \/>\nsurrender, <i>sarva-dharm&#257;n parityajya<\/i>.<br \/>\nThe soul then becomes firm in this bhakti and in the vow of self-consecration<br \/>\nof all its being, knowledge, works; for it has now for its sure base, its<br \/>\nabsolute foundation of existence and action the perfect, the integral, the<br \/>\nunifying knowledge of the all-originating Godhead, <i>te bhajante m&#257;m dr<span>&#61481;<\/span>d<span>&#61481;<\/span>ha-vrat&#257;h<span>&#61481;<\/span><\/i>.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; From the ordinary point of view<br \/>\nany return towards bhakti or continuation of the heart&#8217;s activities after<br \/>\nknowledge and impersonality have been gained, might seem to be a relapse. For<br \/>\nin bhakti there is always the element, the foundation even of personality,<br \/>\nsince its motive-power is the love and adoration of the individual soul, the<br \/>\nJiva, turned towards the supreme and universal Being. But from the standpoint<br \/>\nof the Gita, where the aim is not inaction and immergence in the eternal<br \/>\nImpersonal, but a union with the Purushottama through the integrality of our<br \/>\nbeing, this objection cannot at all intervene. In this Yoga the soul escapes<br \/>\nindeed its lower personality by the sense of its impersonal and immutable<br \/>\nself-being; but it still acts and all action belongs to the multiple soul in<br \/>\nthe mutability of Nature. If we do not bring in as a corrective to an excessive<br \/>\nquietism the idea of sacrifice to the Highest, we have to regard this element<br \/>\nof action as something not at all ourselves, some remnant of the play of the<br \/>\ngunas without any divine reality behind it, a last dissolving form of ego, of<br \/>\nI-ness, a continued impetus of the lower Nature for which we are not<br \/>\nresponsible since our knowledge rejects it and aims at escape from it into pure<br \/>\ninaction. But by combining the tranquil impersonality of the one self with the<br \/>\nstress of the works of Nature done as a sacrifice to the Lord, we by this<br \/>\ndouble key escape from the lower egoistic personality and grow into the purity<br \/>\nof our true spiritual person. Then are we no longer the bound and ignorant ego<br \/>\nin the lower, but the free Jiva in the supreme Nature. Then we no longer live<br \/>\nin the knowledge of the one immutable and impersonal self and this mutable<br \/>\nmultiple Nature as two opposite entities, but rise to the very embrace of the<br \/>\nPurushottama discovered simultaneously through both of these powers of our<br \/>\nbeing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 270<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;All three are the spirit, and the<br \/>\ntwo which are apparent opposites prove to be only confronting faces of the<br \/>\nthird which is the highest. \u201cThere is the immutable and impersonal spiritual<br \/>\nbeing (Purusha),\u201d says Krishna later on, \u201cand there is<br \/>\nthe mutable and personal spiritual being. But there is too another Highest (<i>uttama purus<span>&#61481;<\/span>a<\/i>) called<br \/>\nthe supreme self, Paramatman, he who has entered into this whole world and<br \/>\nupbears it, the Lord, the imperishable. I am this Purushottama who am beyond<br \/>\nthe mutable and am greater and higher even than the immutable. He who has<br \/>\nknowledge of me as the Purushottama, adores me (has bhakti for me, <i>bhajati<\/i>), with all-knowledge and in<br \/>\nevery way of his natural being.\u201d And it is this bhakti of an integral knowledge<br \/>\nand integral self-giving which the Gita now begins to develop. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>For note that it<br \/>\nis bhakti with knowledge which the Gita demands from the disciple and it<br \/>\nregards all other forms of devotion as good in themselves but still inferior;<br \/>\nthey may do well by the way, but they are not the thing at which it aims in the<br \/>\nsoul&#8217;s culmination. Among those who have put away the sin of the rajasic egoism<br \/>\nand are moving towards the Divine, the Gita distinguishes between four kinds of<br \/>\nbhaktas. There are those who turn to him as a refuge from sorrow and suffering<br \/>\nin the world, <i>&#257;rta<\/i>. There are<br \/>\nthose who seek him as the giver of good in the world, <i>arth&#257;rth&#299;<\/i>. There are those who come to him in the desire<br \/>\nfor knowledge, <i>jij\u00f1&#257;su<\/i>. And<br \/>\nlastly there are those who adore him with knowledge, <i>j\u00f1&#257;n&#299;<\/i>. All are approved by the Gita, but only on the last<br \/>\ndoes it lay the seal of its complete sanction. All these movements without<br \/>\nexception are high and good, <i>ud&#257;r&#257;h<\/i><span>&#61481;<\/span><br \/>\n<i>sarva evaite<\/i>, but the bhakti with<br \/>\nknowledge excels them all, <i>vi&#347;is<span>&#61481;<\/span>yate<\/i>.<br \/>\nWe may say that these forms are successively the bhakti of the vital-emotional<br \/>\nand affective nature,<span style='font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9 <\/span>that<br \/>\nof the practical and dynamic nature, that of the reasoning intellectual nature,<br \/>\nand that of the highest intuitive being which takes up all the rest of the<br \/>\nnature into unity with the Divine. Practically, however, the others may be<br \/>\nregarded as preparatory movements. For the Gita itself here says that it is<br \/>\nonly at the end of<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9<\/span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>The later <i>bhakti<\/i> of ecstatic love is at its roots<br \/>\npsychic in nature; it is vital-emotional only in its inferior forms or in some<br \/>\nof its more outward manifestations.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>that<br \/>\nof the<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 271<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;many existences that one can,<br \/>\nafter possession of the integral knowledge and after working that out in<br \/>\noneself through many lives, attain at the long last to the Transcendent. For<br \/>\nthe knowledge of the Divine as all things that are is difficult to attain and<br \/>\nrare on earth is the great soul, <i>mah&#257;tm&#257;<\/i>,<br \/>\nwho is capable of fully so seeing him and of entering into him with his whole<br \/>\nbeing, in every way of his nature, by the wide power of this all-embracing<br \/>\nknowledge, <i>sarvavit sarvabh&#257;vena<\/i>.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>It may be asked<br \/>\nhow is that devotion high and noble, <i>ud&#257;ra<\/i>,<br \/>\nwhich seeks God only for the worldly boons he can give or as a refuge in sorrow<br \/>\nand suffering, and not the Divine for its own sake? Do not egoism, weakness,<br \/>\ndesire reign in such an adoration and does it not belong to the lower nature?<br \/>\nMoreover, where there is not knowledge, the devotee does not approach the<br \/>\nDivine in his integral all-embracing truth, <i>v&#257;sudevah<span>&#61481;<\/span><br \/>\nsarvam iti<\/i>, but constructs imperfect names and images of the Godhead which<br \/>\nare only reflections of his own need, temperament and nature, and he worships<br \/>\nthem to help or appease his natural longings. He constructs for the Godhead the<br \/>\nname and form of Indra or Agni, of Vishnu or Shiva, of a divinised Christ or<br \/>\nBuddha, or else some composite of natural qualities, an indulgent God of love<br \/>\nand mercy, or a severe God of righteousness and justice, or an awe-inspiring<br \/>\nGod of wrath and terror and flaming punishments, or some amalgam of any of<br \/>\nthese, and to that he raises his altars without and in his heart and mind and<br \/>\nfalls down before it to demand from it worldly good and joy or healing of his<br \/>\nwounds or a sectarian sanction for an erring, dogmatic, intellectual,<br \/>\nintolerant knowledge. All this up to a certain point is true enough. Very rare<br \/>\nis the great soul who knows that Vasudeva the omnipresent Being is all that is,<br \/>\n<i>v&#257;sudevah<span>&#61481;<\/span> sarvam<br \/>\niti sa mah&#257;tm&#257; sudurlabhah<\/i><span>&#61481;<\/span>. Men are led<br \/>\naway by various outer desires which take from them the working of the inner<br \/>\nknowledge, <i>k&#257;mais<\/i> <i>tais tair hr<span>&#61481;<\/span>taj\u00f1&#257;n&#257;h<span>&#61481;<\/span><\/i>.<br \/>\nIgnorant, they resort to other godheads, imperfect forms of the deity which<br \/>\ncorrespond to their desire, <i>prapadyante<br \/>\n&#8216;nyadevat&#257;h<span>&#61481;<\/span><\/i>.<br \/>\nLimited, they set up this or that rule and cult, <i>tam tam niyamam &#257;sth&#257;ya<\/i>, which satisfies the need of<br \/>\ntheir nature. And in all this it is a compelling personal determination, it is<br \/>\nthis narrow need of their own nature<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>\n<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>&nbsp;&nbsp;Page 272<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;that they follow and take for the<br \/>\nhighest truth, \u2013 incapable yet of the infinite and its largeness. The Godhead<br \/>\nin these forms gives them their desires if their faith is whole; but these<br \/>\nfruits and gratifications are temporary and it is a petty intelligence and<br \/>\nunformed reason which makes the pursuit of them its principle of religion and<br \/>\nlife. And so far as there is a spiritual attainment by this way, it is only to<br \/>\nthe gods; it is only the Divine in formations of mutable nature and as the<br \/>\ngiver of her results that they realise. But those who adore the transcendent<br \/>\nand integral Godhead embrace all this and transform it all, exalt the gods to<br \/>\ntheir highest, Nature to her summits, and go beyond them to the very Godhead,<br \/>\nrealise and attain to the Transcendent. <i>Dev&#257;n<br \/>\ndevayajo y&#257;nti madbhakt&#257; y&#257;nti m&#257;m api<\/i>. <\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'>Still the<br \/>\nsupreme Godhead does not at all reject these devotees because of their imperfect<br \/>\nvision. For the Divine in his supreme transcendent being, unborn, imminuable<br \/>\nand superior to all these partial manifestations, cannot be easily known to any<br \/>\nliving creature. He is self-enveloped in this immense cloak of Maya, that Maya<br \/>\nof his Yoga, by which he is one with the world and yet beyond it, immanent but<br \/>\nhidden, seated in all hearts but not revealed to any and every being. Man in<br \/>\nNature thinks that these manifestations in Nature are all the Divine, when they<br \/>\nare only his works and his powers and his veils. He knows all past and all<br \/>\npresent and future existences, but him none yet knoweth. If then after thus<br \/>\nbewildering them with his workings in Nature, he were not to meet them in these<br \/>\nat all, there would be no divine hope for man or for any soul in Maya.<br \/>\nTherefore according to their nature, as they approach him, he accepts their<br \/>\nbhakti and answers to it with the reply of divine love and compassion. These<br \/>\nforms are after all a certain kind of manifestation through which the imperfect<br \/>\nhuman intelligence can touch him, these desires are first means by which our<br \/>\nsouls turn towards him: nor is any devotion worthless or ineffective, whatever<br \/>\nits limitations. It has the one grand necessity, faith. \u201cWhatever form of me<br \/>\nany devotee with faith desires to worship, I make that faith of his firm and<br \/>\nundeviating.\u201d By the force of that faith in his cult and worship he gets his<br \/>\ndesire and the spiritual realisation for which he is at the moment fitted. By<br \/>\nseeking all<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 273<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:blue'><\/p>\n<hr size=\"2\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\">\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;his good from the Divine, he shall<br \/>\ncome in the end to seek in the Divine all his good. By depending for his joys<br \/>\non the Divine, he shall learn to fix in the Divine all his joy. By knowing the<br \/>\nDivine in his forms and qualities, he shall come to know him as the All and the<br \/>\nTranscendent who is the source of all things.<span style='font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thus by spiritual development<br \/>\ndevotion becomes one with knowledge. The Jiva comes to delight in the one<br \/>\nGodhead, \u2013 in the Divine known as all being and consciousness and delight and<br \/>\nas all things and beings and happenings, known in Nature, known in the self,<br \/>\nknown for that which exceeds self and Nature. He is ever in constant union with<br \/>\nhim, <i>nityayukta<\/i>; his whole life and<br \/>\nbeing are an eternal Yoga with the Transcendent than whom there is nothing<br \/>\nhigher, with the Universal besides whom there is none else and nothing else. On<br \/>\nhim is concentred all his bhakti, <i>ekabhaktih<\/i><span>&#61481;<\/span>,<br \/>\nnot on any partial godhead, rule or cult. This single devotion is his whole law<br \/>\nof living and he has gone beyond all creeds of religious belief, rules of conduct,<br \/>\npersonal aims of life. He has no griefs to be healed, for he is in possession<br \/>\nof the All-blissful. He has no desires to hunger after, for he possesses the<br \/>\nhighest and the All and is close to the All-Power that brings all fulfilment.<br \/>\nHe has no doubts or baffled seekings left, for all knowledge streams upon him<br \/>\nfrom the Light in which he lives. He loves perfectly the Divine and is his<br \/>\nbeloved; for as he takes joy in the Divine, so too the Divine takes joy in him.<br \/>\nThis is the God-lover who has the knowledge, <i>j\u00f1&#257;n&#299;i bhakta<\/i>. And this knower, says the Godhead in the<br \/>\nGita, is my self; the others seize only motives and aspects in Nature, but he<br \/>\nthe very self-being and all-being of the Purushottama with which he is in<br \/>\nunion. His is the divine birth in the supreme Nature, integral in being,<br \/>\ncompleted in will, absolute in love, perfected in knowledge. In him the Jiva&#8217;s<br \/>\ncosmic existence is justified because it has exceeded itself and so found its<br \/>\nown whole and highest truth of being.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style='margin:0;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:\"Lucida Console\"'>\u00b9<\/span><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>There is a place also for the<br \/>\nthree lesser seekings even after the highest attainment, but transformed, not<br \/>\nnarrowly personal, \u2013 for there can still be a passion for the removal of sorrow<br \/>\nand evil and ignorance and for the increasing evolution and integral<br \/>\nmanifestation of the supreme good, power, joy and knowledge in this phenomenal<br \/>\nNature.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:150%'>&nbsp;<span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Page 274<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>        <font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TWO &nbsp;The Synthesis of Devotion and Knowledge* &nbsp; THE Gita is not a treatise of metaphysical philosophy, in spite of the great mass of metaphysical&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-13-essays-on-the-gita-volume-13","wpcat-31-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1394"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1394\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}