{"id":1876,"date":"2013-07-13T01:38:02","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=1876"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:38:02","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:38:02","slug":"37-hymns-of-atris-foreword-vol-15-the-secret-of-veda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/03-cwsa\/15-the-secret-of-veda\/37-hymns-of-atris-foreword-vol-15-the-secret-of-veda","title":{"rendered":"-37_Hymns of Atris – Foreword.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n
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Part Three<\/font><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

Hymns of the Atris<\/font><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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Foreword<\/font><\/b> <\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

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T<\/font>O TRANSLATE<\/b> the Veda is to border upon an attempt at the impossible. For while a literal English rendering of the
\nhymns of the ancient Illuminates would be a falsification of their sense and spirit, a version which aimed at bringing all
\nthe real thought to the surface would be an interpretation rather than a translation. I have essayed a sort of middle path,
\n\t\t\t—a free
\nand plastic form which shall follow the turns of the original and yet admit a certain number of interpretative devices sufficient for
\nthe light of the Vedic truth to gleam out from its veil of symbol and image.
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

The Veda is a book of esoteric symbols, almost of spiritual formulae, which masks itself as a collection of ritual poems. The
\ninner sense is psychological, universal, impersonal; the ostensible significance and the figures which were meant to reveal to
\nthe initiates what they concealed from the ignorant, are to all appearance crudely concrete, intimately personal, loosely occasional and allusive. To this lax outer garb the Vedic poets are sometimes careful to give a clear and coherent form quite other
\nthan the strenuous inner soul of their meaning; their language then becomes a cunningly woven mask for hidden truths. More
\noften they are negligent of the disguise which they use, and when they thus rise above their instrument, a literal and external translation gives either a bizarre, unconnected sequence of sentences or a form of thought and speech strange and remote
\nto the uninitiated intelligence. It is only when the figures and symbols are made to suggest their concealed equivalents that
\nthere emerges out of the obscurity a transparent and well-linked though close and subtle sequence of spiritual, psychological
\nand religious ideas. It is this method of suggestion that I have attempted.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n

It would have been possible to present a literal version on  
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 363<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
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\ncondition of following it up by pages of commentary charged with the real sense of the words and the hidden message of
\nthe thought. But this would be a cumbrous method useful only to the scholar and the careful student. Some form of the sense
\nwas needed which would compel only so much pause of the intelligence over its object as would be required by any mystic
\nand figurative poetry. To bring about such a form it is not enough to translate the Sanskrit word into the English; the significant
\nname, the conventional figure, the symbolic image have also frequently to be rendered.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nIf the images preferred by the ancient sages had been such as the modern mind could easily grasp, if the symbols of the
\nsacrifice were still familiar to us and the names of the Vedic gods still carried their old psychological significance,
\n\t\t\t—as the Greek
\nor Latin names of classical deities, Aphrodite or Ares, Venus or Minerva, still bear their sense for a cultured European,
\n\t\t\t—the
\ndevice of an interpretative translation could have been avoided. But India followed another curve of literary and religious development than the culture of the West. Other names of Gods have replaced the Vedic names or else these have remained but with
\nonly an external and diminished significance; the Vedic ritual, well-nigh obsolete, has lost its profound symbolic meaning; the
\npastoral, martial and rural images of the early Aryan poets sound remote, inappropriate, or, if natural and beautiful, yet void of the
\nold deeper significance to the imagination of their descendants. Confronted with the stately hymns of the ancient dawn, we are
\nconscious of a blank incomprehension. And we leave them as a prey to the ingenuity of the scholar who gropes for forced
\nmeanings amid obscurities and incongruities where the ancients bathed their souls in harmony and light.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nA few examples will show what the gulf is and how it was created. When we write in a recognised and conventional imagery, “Laxmi and Saraswati refuse to dwell under one roof”, the European reader may need a note or a translation of the
\nphrase into its plain unfigured thought, “Wealth and Learning seldom go together”, before he can understand, but every Indian
\nalready possesses the sense of the phrase. But if another culture  
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 364<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\nand religion had replaced the Puranic and Brahminical and the old books and the Sanskrit language had ceased to be read and
\nunderstood, this now familiar phrase would have been as meaningless in India as in Europe. Some infallible commentator or
\ningenious scholar might have been proving to our entire satisfaction that Laxmi was the Dawn and Saraswati the Night or
\nthat they were two irreconcilable chemical substances —or one knows not what else! It is something of this kind that has over
\ntaken the ancient clarities of the Veda; the sense is dead and only the obscurity of a forgotten poetic form remains. Therefore when
\nwe read “Sarama by the path of the Truth discovers the herds”, the mind is stopped and baffled by an unfamiliar language. It
\nhas to be translated to us, like the phrase about Saraswati to the European, into a plainer and less figured thought, “Intuition
\nby the way of the Truth arrives at the hidden illuminations.” Lacking the clue, we wander into ingenuities about the Dawn
\nand the Sun or even imagine in Sarama, the hound of heaven, a mythological personification of some prehistoric embassy to
\nDravidian nations for the recovery of plundered cattle!
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n And the whole of the Veda is conceived in such images.
\nThe resultant obscurity and confusion for our intelligence is appalling and it will be at once evident how useless would be
\nany translation of the hymns which did not strive at the same time to be an interpretation. “Dawn and Night,” runs an impressive Vedic verse, “two sisters of different forms but of one mind, suckle the same divine Child.” We understand nothing.
\nDawn and Night are of different forms, but why of one mind? And who is the child? If it is Agni, the fire, what are we to
\nunderstand by Dawn and Night suckling alternately an infant fire? But the Vedic poet is not thinking of the physical night, the
\nphysical dawn or the physical fire. He is thinking of the alternations in his own spiritual experience, its constant rhythm of
\nperiods of a sublime and golden illumination and other periods of obscuration or relapse into normal unillumined consciousness
\nand he confesses the growth of the infant strength of the divine life within him through all these alternations and even by the
\nvery force of their regular vicissitude. For in both states there   <\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 366<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\nworks, hidden or manifest, the same divine intention and the same high-reaching labour. Thus an image which to the Vedic
\nmind was clear, luminous, subtle, profound, striking, comes to us void of sense or poor and incoherent in sense and therefore
\naffects us as inflated and pretentious, the ornament of an inapt and bungling literary craftsmanship.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nSo too when the seer of the house of Atri cries high to Agni, “O Agni, O Priest of the offering, loose from us the cords,”
\nhe is using not only a natural, but a richly-laden image. He is thinking of the triple cord of mind, nerves and body by which
\nthe soul is bound as a victim in the great world-sacrifice, the sacrifice of the Purusha; he is thinking of the force of the divine
\nWill already awakened and at work within him, a fiery and irresistible godhead that shall uplift his oppressed divinity and
\ncleave asunder the cords of its bondage; he is thinking of the might of that growing Strength and inner Flame which receiving
\nall that he has to offer carries it to its own distant and difficult home, to the high-seated Truth, to the Far, to the Secret, to
\nthe Supreme. All these associations are lost to us; our minds are obsessed by ideas of a ritual sacrifice and a material cord.
\nWe imagine perhaps the son of Atri bound as a victim in an ancient barbaric sacrifice, crying to the god of Fire for a physical
\ndeliverance!
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nA little later the seer sings of the increasing Flame, “Agni
\nshines wide with vast Light and makes all things manifest by his greatness.” What are we to understand? Shall we suppose
\nthat the singer released from his bonds, one knows not how, is admiring tranquilly the great blaze of the sacrificial fire which
\nwas to have devoured him and wonder at the rapid transitions of the primitive mind? It is only when we discover that the “vast
\nLight” was a fixed phrase in the language of the Mystics for a wide, free and luminous consciousness beyond mind, that we
\nseize the true burden of the Rik. The seer is hymning his release from the triple cord of mind, nerves and body and the uprising of
\nthe knowledge and will within him to a plane of consciousness where the real truth of all things transcendent of their apparent
\ntruth becomes at length manifest in a vast illumination.  
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 366<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\nBut how are we to bring home this profound, natural and inner sense to the minds of others in a translation? It cannot be
\ndone unless we translate interpretatively, “O Will, O Priest of our sacrifice, loose from us the cords of our bondage” and “this
\nFlame shines out with the vast Light of the Truth and makes all things manifest by its greatness.” The reader will then at
\nleast be able to seize the spiritual nature of the cord, the light, the flame; he will feel something of the sense and spirit of this
\nancient chant.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nThe method I have employed will be clear from these in
\nstances. I have sometimes thrown aside the image, but not so as to demolish the whole structure of the outer symbol or to
\nsubstitute a commentary for a translation. It would have been an undesirable violence to strip from the richly jewelled garb
\nof the Vedic thought its splendid ornaments or to replace it by a coarse garment of common speech. But I have endeavoured
\nto make it everywhere as transparent as possible. I have rendered the significant names of the Gods, Kings, Rishis by their
\nhalf-concealed significances, —otherwise the mask would have remained impenetrable; where the image was unessential, I have
\nsometimes sacrificed it for its psychological equivalent; where it influenced the colour of the surrounding words, I have sought
\nfor some phrase which would keep the figure and yet bring out its whole complexity of sense. Sometimes I have even used a
\ndouble translation. Thus for the Vedic word which means at once light or ray and cow, I have given according to the circumstances “Light”, “the radiances”, “the shining herds”, “the radiant kine”, “Light, mother of the herds”. Soma, the ambrosial
\nwine of the Veda, has been rendered “wine of delight” or “wine of immortality”.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nThe Vedic language as a whole is a powerful and remarkable instrument, terse, knotted, virile, packed, and in its turns careful
\nrather to follow the natural flight of the thought in the mind than to achieve the smooth and careful constructions and the
\nclear transitions of a logical and rhetorical syntax. But translated without modification into English such a language would
\nbecome harsh, abrupt and obscure, a dead and heavy movement   <\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 367<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\nwith nothing in it of the morning vigour and puissant stride of the original. I have therefore preferred to throw it in translation
\ninto a mould more plastic and natural to the English tongue, using the constructions and devices of transition which best
\nsuit a modern speech while preserving the logic of the original thought; and I have never hesitated to reject the bald dictionary
\nequivalent of the Vedic word for an ampler phrase in the English where that was necessary to bring out the full sense and associations. Throughout I have kept my eye fixed on my primary object —to make the inner sense of the Veda seizable by the
\ncultured intelligence of today.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nWhen all has been done, the aid of some amount of an
\nnotation remained still indispensable; but I have tried not to overburden the translation with notes or to indulge in over
\nlong explanations. I have excluded everything scholastic. In the Veda there are numbers of words of a doubtful meaning, many
\nlocutions whose sense can only be speculatively or provisionally fixed, not a few verses capable of two or more different interpretations. But a translation of this kind is not the place for any record of the scholar’s difficulties and hesitations. I have also
\nprefixed a brief outline of the main Vedic thought indispensable to the reader who wishes to understand.
\n\t\t\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nHe will expect only to seize the general trend and surface suggestions of the Vedic hymns. More would be hardly possible. To enter into the very heart of the mystic doctrine, we must ourselves have trod the ancient paths and renewed the
\nlost discipline, the forgotten experience. And which of us can hope to do that with any depth or living power? Who in this
\nAge of Iron shall have the strength to recover the light of the Forefathers or soar above the two enclosing firmaments of mind
\nand body into their luminous empyrean of the infinite Truth? The Rishis sought to conceal their knowledge from the unfit,
\nbelieving perhaps that the corruption of the best might lead to the worst and fearing to give the potent wine of the Soma to
\nthe child and the weakling. But whether their spirits still move among us looking for the rare Aryan soul in a mortality that is
\ncontent to leave the radiant herds of the Sun for ever imprisoned  
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 368<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\t\t\t<\/font>
\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\nin the darkling cave of the Lords of the sense-life or whether they await in their luminous world the hour when the Maruts shall
\nagain drive abroad and the Hound of Heaven shall once again speed down to us from beyond the rivers of Paradise and the
\nseals of the heavenly waters shall be broken and the caverns shall be rent and the immortalising wine shall be pressed out
\nin the body of man by the electric thunderstones, their secret remains safe to them. Small is the chance that in an age which
\nblinds our eyes with the transient glories of the outward life and deafens our ears with the victorious trumpets of a material and
\nmechanical knowledge many shall cast more than the eye of an intellectual and imaginative curiosity on the passwords of their
\nancient discipline or seek to penetrate into the heart of their radiant mysteries. The secret of the Veda, even when it has been
\nunveiled, remains still a secret.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage – 369<\/font><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Part Three   Hymns of the Atris     Foreword   TO TRANSLATE the Veda is to border upon an attempt at the impossible. For…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15-the-secret-of-veda","wpcat-41-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1876"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1876\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}