{"id":2845,"date":"2013-07-13T01:44:09","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:44:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=2845"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:44:09","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:44:09","slug":"174-speeches-the-meaning-of-swaraj-vol-06-07-bande-mataram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/03-cwsa\/06-07-bande-mataram\/174-speeches-the-meaning-of-swaraj-vol-06-07-bande-mataram","title":{"rendered":"-174_Speeches – The Meaning of Swaraj.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n
\n\t<\/p>\n

\nThe Meaning of Swaraj
\n<\/font> <\/b>
\n\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nThank you for the welcome you have accorded me, which I
\ndo not deserve, because whatever I do is not done by me of my own accord. My actions are dictated by God. I am simply
\nan instrument in His hands. The welcome should, therefore, be presented to Him and not to me. Let us thank Him.
\n\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nI have hitherto been a writer and not an orator, but circumstances forced me to try my hand at oratory. I have not fixed
\nthe subject of my speech, but at the request of some friends I will speak to you on Swaraj. Unfortunately I am not accustomed
\nto make speeches and may deviate from the subject. Within the past two or three years, either by a stroke of fortune or by
\ndivine inspiration, a new movement or, in other words, power has been created in our country, but the goal to be attained was
\nvague until last year when the old patriot Dadabhai Naoroji in his Presidential address at the National Congress in Calcutta
\nsaid, “We must have Swaraj on the lines granted to Canada and Australia, which is our sole aim.” The true definition of Swaraj
\nwas given by Dadabhai Naoroji in his speech after the session of the Congress. Swaraj means administration of affairs in a
\ncountry by her own people on their own strength in accordance with the welfare of the people without even nominal suzerainty,
\nwhich is the object which we wish to attain. We had forgotten it for a time and feared to speak about it. We were far away from
\nthe truth and we had forgotten it, and on that account we have been reduced to a bad condition. If we do not acquaint ourselves
\nwith the object in view, viz., Swaraj, I am afraid we, thirty crores of people, will become extinct. The people of Maharashtra must
\n\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n
\nDelivered in Nasik on 24 January 1908. Text published in Marathi translation in<\/font><\/i>
\nthe Nasik <\/i>Vritta the next day. Retranslated into English and included in the Bombay<\/i>
\nPresidency Police <\/i>Abstract of Intelligence.   
\n<\/font>
\n\t<\/span><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tPage \u2013 833<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\nhave some recollection of Swaraj, because a century ago you
\nrepresented it.
\n\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nSwaraj is life, it is nectar and salvation. Swaraj in a nation
\nis the breath of life. Without breath of life a man is dead. So also without Swaraj a nation is dead. Swaraj being the life of
\na nation it is essential for it. History shows the fate of nations without Swaraj. In ancient times the Romans had extended their
\nsovereignty over many countries as England has done at present, and under their sovereignty the people of other countries enjoyed
\nas we are now enjoying all the comforts of a peaceful reign. Their lives and properties were all secure as ours are, but in spite of
\nall this, it was said that the people under the sway of the Roman Empire came to grief with its downfall, and were harassed by
\nsavage people. The reason is, they had no Swaraj. After a lapse of centuries they stood on their own legs and established for
\nthemselves Swaraj and became happy. It is for this reason that Swaraj is essentially needed, and is to be gained by our own
\nexertions. If it is gained otherwise, which is impossible, it cannot last long for want of strength in us. One way of gaining it is to
\nimplore the sovereign, who holds our realm, but he won’t give it. Unfortunately there still exists a party of men who still cling
\nto the idea that we shall obtain Swaraj by asking for it, which is to be regretted. This party thinks that we are not capable
\nof managing our own affairs, that we are being trained in that direction and that our benign English Government will extend
\nSwaraj to us by degrees. But they do not understand that it is against human nature\u2014 Indians excepted. The English value
\nthe importance of India. Its possession gives them status. If they once allow India to slip from their grasp, they will become a nonentity. Under such circumstances it is silly to say that the English will train us and entrust us with Swaraj. By reposing confidence
\nin the English people we are already reduced to a miserable condition and in the end will become extinct. Another way of
\nobtaining Swaraj is to seek aid from a neighbouring nation. But this means jumping from the frying-pan into the fire. No matter
\nfrom whom we seek assistance their own interests will first be considered. We should, therefore, acquire it by our own efforts.
\n   
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t
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\n

\nThe question therefore arises as to how we should do it.
\nWe do not possess Swaraj nor have we the power to retain it. The answer is, we cannot master the art of swimming unless
\nwe struggle in the water. We should, therefore, be prepared to undergo hardships in the struggle for Swaraj, as there is no
\nother alternative. We want Swaraj, which means independence, but independence cannot be had unless we are independent. As
\nGod created us independent we should be full of inspirations. With full faith in God we should preach independence through
\nthe length and breadth of the country and a beginning should be made to impart national education. The English erred in the
\nbeginning in spreading their education, which they now regret, and on this account Lord Curzon adopted a new policy. People
\nshould take into their own hands judicial and executive work. They should get their disputes settled by arbitration. Look at the
\nchange which has been wrought during the past two years by the Swadeshi movement and boycott. With these two measures we
\nare bound to obtain good results. We, Bengalis, have adopted all these measures and have been successful. If these measures are
\nuniversally adopted, we shall have more than half of Swaraj in our hands. The opposition will not sleep over it. It’s all known
\nin England. Our idea of the struggle for Swaraj is that it is the commandment of God, which we must obey. To oppose it is
\nnot in our power. That Bengalis inspired with this idea do not fear fine, incarceration, deportation or the extreme penalty of
\nthe law, is a well-known fact. If a Bengali lad is punished in connection with the Swadeshi movement, he smiles and says it
\ndoes not matter much; we have gone another step in the direction of our goal.
\n\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\nO inhabitants of Maharashtra, since you and Bengalis are stirring to attain one end and as we are all sons of Aryabhumi,
\nlet us all jointly set ourselves to the task of bringing about a state of things in accordance with the commandment of God.
\nWe, Bengalis, depend upon you because the sons of Maharashtra were brave soldiers a short while ago. You enjoyed Swaraj when
\nyou were harassed by Mahomedans. A similar commandment was conveyed to you through Tukaram, Ramdas and others,
\n   
\n<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tPage \u2013 835<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\nand in obedience to this commandment all Marathas joined.
\nShivaji, the warrior, came from you, and Swaraj was established in Maharashtra. The poor were rescued from molestation by the
\nwicked and the country prospered. The present state of affairs is similar. The present agitation is not the creation of man. It
\nis divine inspiration. It is the commandment of God. Human beings are the instruments to carry it out. There must be unity
\namong us and we are getting united. If we, thirty crores of people, unite with a firm resolution for the sake of truth, the
\ncommandment of God and His will will be done and the foe will share the fate of the mountain of ashes which disappeared
\nwith a strong current of wind. We are all God’s creatures, and if all from the Himalayas to Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin) are
\nbrought together, it will be seen that our country is just as big as it is described in our
\nkavyas<\/i>. If we, imbued with this idea,
\nbecome united with a firm resolution to obey the commandment of God, I feel sure we shall gain our Swaraj in twenty years. It
\nwon’t take centuries as our enemies, the Anglo-Indians, imagine, nor will it take half a century as predicted by our Moderates.
\nWe, the Bengalis, whom the English consider effeminate, have commenced our work and we shall, by the grace of God, prove
\nourselves to be the sons of brave men in the eyes of the world.  
\n\t<\/span> <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tPage \u2013 836<\/font><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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