{"id":3094,"date":"2013-07-13T01:45:53","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:45:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=3094"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:45:53","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:45:53","slug":"73-note-on-the-texts-vol-25-the-human-cycle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/03-cwsa\/25-the-human-cycle\/73-note-on-the-texts-vol-25-the-human-cycle","title":{"rendered":"-73_Note on the Texts.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n
\n

\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tNote on the Texts
\n<\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tThe chapters that make up the principal contents of  The Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>and War and Self-Determination <\/i>were first
\npublished in the monthly review Arya <\/i>between 1915 and 1920. The three works subsequently were revised by the author and published as
\nbooks. <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tThe Human Cycle<\/i><\/b>. The twenty-four chapters making up this work
\nappeared in the Arya <\/i>under the title The Psychology of Social Development <\/i>between August 1916 and July 1918. Sri Aurobindo began with
\na discussion of the psychological theory of social and political development put forward by the German historian Karl Lamprecht (1856 \u00ad
\n1915), about which he had read in an article published in the May\/June 1916 issue of the
\nHindustan Review<\/i>. Retaining some of Lamprecht’s
\nterminology, he went on to develop his own theory of “the cycle of society”. During the 1930s, probably around 1937, he revised the
\nArya<\/i>
\ntext of The Psychology of Social Development <\/i>in two stages: the first revision was marked on a set of pages from the
\nArya<\/i>, the second revision on a typed copy of the first. The revised text remained unpublished until 1949. At that time Sri Aurobindo considered making extensive
\nalterations and additions to bring it up to date, but abandoned the idea and dictated only minor changes in the final stage of revision. <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tThe book was published in 1949 by the Sri Aurobindo Ashram under the new title An American edition was
\nbrought out the next year. In 1962 a combined edition of The Human<\/i> Cycle<\/i>,
\nThe Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>and War and Self-Determination <\/i>was
\npublished by the Sri Aurobindo International Centre of Education. In 1971 the three works were published under the title
\nSocial and<\/i>
\nPolitical Thought <\/i>as volume 15 of the Sri Aurobindo Birth Centenary Library. This has been reprinted several times under the combined
\ntitles of the constituent works. A separate edition of The Human<\/i> Cycle
\n<\/i>was published in 1977.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage \u2013<\/font>687<\/p>\n

\n

<\/font><\/font><\/font> <\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\nThe Ideal of Human Unity<\/b> <\/i>first appeared in the Arya <\/i>in thirty-five chapters between September 1915 and July 1918. At the time he
\ncommenced the series, Sri Aurobindo wrote to the Mother: <\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

I have begun in the issue of the Arya which is just out a
\nnumber of articles on the Ideal of Human Unity. I intend to proceed very cautiously and not go very deep at first, but as if
\nI were leading the intelligence of the reader gradually towards the deeper meaning of unity
\n\t\t\t\u2014 especially to discourage the
\nidea that mistakes uniformity and mechanical association for unity.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tThe Arya <\/i>text of The Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>was brought out as a book by the Sons of India, Ltd., Madras, in 1919. Sri Aurobindo revised this
\nduring the late 1930s, apparently in 1938. (The date is inferred partly from a footnote he added while revising Chapter 5
\n\t\t\t\u2014 later replaced
\nby a different footnote \u2014 referring to the “Anschluss”, Germany’s annexation of Austria in March 1938. Sri Aurobindo is unlikely to
\nhave worked on the revision after his accident in November 1938.) The revised text remained unpublished for more than a decade. In
\nJune 1949, asked about the possiblity of publishing this book and The<\/i>
\nPsychology of Social Development <\/i>(which had not yet been renamed
\n), Sri Aurobindo answered that <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

they have to be altered by the introduction of new chapters
\nand rewriting of passages and in The Ideal <\/i>changes have to be made all through the book in order to bring it up to date, so it
\nis quite impossible to make these alterations on the proofs. I propose however to revise these two books as soon as possible;
\nthey will receive my first attention. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tSri Aurobindo did not revise either book to the extent he had proposed. Although he made minor changes throughout The Ideal of<\/i> Human Unity<\/i>, his attempt to bring it up to date was largely confined
\nto adding and revising footnotes (see the next paragraph). The only new chapter introduced was a long Postscript Chapter reviewing the
\nbook’s conclusions in the light of recent international developments. The second edition of
\nThe Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>was published by the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in
\n\t\t\t1950; it was followed by an American edition <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage \u2013<\/font>688<\/p>\n

\n

<\/font><\/font><\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tlater the same year. (In the American edition the Postscript Chapter
\n\t\t\tappeared as an Introduction.) In 1962, 1971 and subsequently this
\n\t\t\twork was included in the combined editions mentioned above under<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tFootnotes to The Ideal of Human Unity<\/i><\/b>. The seventy-eight footnotes in the present edition of
\nThe Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>reflect the complex
\nhistory of the text. Only three of these can be traced to the Arya <\/i>(two other footnotes found in the
\nArya <\/i>were deleted during revision). Sri
\nAurobindo added more than fifty footnotes in his first revision, many of them referring to political developments of the 1930s such as the
\nrise of Fascism. In his second, lighter revision, undertaken more than ten years later, he also made extensive use of footnotes for updating
\nthe text. Some two dozen new footnotes were added at this time and an equal number of the earlier ones revised. Thus the majority of the
\nfootnotes in the final version may be taken to represent the standpoint of 1949 \u00ad 50. Detailed information on the dating of footnotes and other
\nsignificant revision is provided in the reference volume (volume 35). <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tWar and Self-Determination<\/i><\/b>. Sri Aurobindo published five articles
\non current political topics in the Arya<\/i>: “The Passing of War?” (April 1916), “Self-Determination” (September 1918), “The Unseen Power”
\n(December 1918), “1919” (July 1919) and “After the War” (August 1920). In 1920 the first three of these, along with a Foreword and a
\nnewly written essay, “The League of Nations”, were brought out as a book by S. R. Murthy & Co., Madras. A second edition was published
\nby Sarojini Ghose (Sri Aurobindo’s sister) in 1922. Sri Aurobindo dictated a few scattered revisions to these essays during the late 1940s or
\nin 1950. A third edition of the book was brought out in 1957. “After the War”, which had been published as a separate booklet in 1949,
\nwas added to this edition. Since 1962 War and Self-Determination <\/i>has appeared in the combined editions mentioned above under
\nThe Human<\/i>
\nCycle<\/i>. “1919” was first reproduced in the 1962 edition, where it was placed at the end. In the present edition, “1919” and “After the War”
\nare printed in the order in which they were written. <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tThe present edition<\/b>. This edition of
\nThe Ideal of<\/i>
\nHuman Unity <\/i>and War and Self-Determination <\/i>has been thoroughly   <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage \u2013<\/font>689<\/p>\n

\n

<\/font><\/font><\/font> <\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\nchecked against the Arya <\/i>and the texts of all revised editions. A note written with reference to
\nThe Ideal of Human Unity <\/i>and a fragment
\nrelated thematically to War and Self-Determination <\/i>have been included as Appendixes. <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\tPage \u2013<\/font>690<\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Note on the Texts   The chapters that make up the principal contents of  The Ideal of Human Unity and War and Self-Determination were first…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-25-the-human-cycle","wpcat-58-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3094"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3094\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}