{"id":3567,"date":"2013-07-13T01:49:37","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:49:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=3567"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:49:37","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:49:37","slug":"12-glossary-and-index-page-108-to-121-vol-glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/02-other-editions\/glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works\/12-glossary-and-index-page-108-to-121-vol-glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works","title":{"rendered":"-12_Glossary and Index Page 108 to 121.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n
\n

\nEngland<\/b> largest and most populous unit of
\nthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Der: English(men);<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnglishwomen; Englished; Anglicised;<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Anglicisation <\/b>1:1, 7-8, 12-14, 16, 18, 21-32, 34-39, 41-43, 48, 53-56, 58, 63, 91-93, 99-100, 104-06, 108, 118, 132-33, 138, 142-43, 145-46, 149, 158-59, 176, 186, 190, 198, 201-02, 208-09, 220-21, 226, 230, 242, 245, 260-61, 264, 267, 269, 278-79, 282, 286, 288, 294-95, 304-05, 313, 332-33, 341-43, 350-51, 355, 358, 365, 367-68, 380, 387-88, 390, 395, 403, 409, 413-14, 417-19, 421-22, 426-27, 435, 440, 443-44, 447-48, 450, 455, 459-60, 462-65, 467-68, 470-73, 480, 482, 487, 492, 496, 499-501, 503-06, 512, 525, 534, 544, 547-48, 551-54, 559, 564-68, 573-80, 587, 597-99, 604-05, 615, 621, 627, 637, 666, 702, 704-05, 707-09, 715, 719, 721-22, 760-61, 763, 778, 810, 813, 815-16, 827, 835, 842, 844-45, 849, 856, 866, 898, 907 2:pre., 4,
\n7, 14, 20, 22, 26, 28, 31-34, 49, 53, 65, 78-79, 97, 112, 119-23, 135, 140, 144, 152-53, 158, 160-61, 170-73, 185, 194-95, 204, 209, 212-13, 216, 223, 233-37, 253, 255, 259, 267-70, 283-86, 288, 296, 298-99, 301-03, 306-07, 314, 326, 332, 349, 351, 356, 358-61, 363.372, 376, 379, 390, 393-95, 403-07, 421-22, 434 3:13, 26, 72, 79-80, 84-85, 87, 93, 99, 111-12, 117, 132, 193, 203, 225, 237, 242, 253, 285, 304, 306, 320, 350, 398, 417, 419, 447-48, 459-60 4: pre., 57, 97, 99, 140-44, 147, 149, 154, 157-58, 167, 176-78, 180, 182, 189, 195-97, 199, 203-05, 212-15, 218-21, 224, 230, 233-36, 238, 240, 243-45, 248-49, 257-58, 261, 265-68, 273, 285-86, 289, 293, 301, 303 5: pre., 12, 596 7:1016, 1020-21, 1023, 1027, 1049 8: 331, 333-35, 337, 341 9:
\n2-3, 46-47, 49, 51, 54-56, 60, 62-63, 76, 81, 86, 96, 110, 132-36, 138, 141, 144, 147-48, 157-58, 183, 189, 192, 223, 287, 307, 395, 401, 405, 441, 444-45, 453-56, 460, 462, 464, 466-68, 478, 480-81, 549-50, 560 10: 558 12: 53-54, 500 14: 4, 8, 11, 16-17, 46-47, 50, 226, 257, 263, 320, 349, 378, 387, 398, 413, 418, 422 15:
\n61, 88, 264, 275, 282, 288-91, 295, 297-99, 301, 303, 306, 308-10, 312-16, 321-22, 327-28, 332, 341, 348-49, 354, 356-58, 368, 375, 379, 389, 412-13, 420-21, 428, 444, 447, 450, 493, 496-97, 500-02, 504-05, 507, 512, 514, 517, 521, 536, 617, 626, 640, 645 16:312, 323 17:181, 191-93, 210, 244, 251-52, 276, 295, 302, 314, 317-18, 322, 357-58, 360, 362, 367-70, 386-87 18:436
\n22:205, 208-09, 490 24:1298 25: 390, 408 26:1-5, 7, 10-13, 17-18, 31, 39, 44, 75, 137, 153, 178, 204, 228, 253-56, 271, 273-74, 314, 320-22, 324-26, 365, 384, 395-96, 506 27:3-4, 11-12, 15, 17, 23, 26, 51, 54, 60-61, 65, 75, 81, 91, 99-100, 102, 107, 121, 125, 152, 155-56, 282, <\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\n420, 447-48, 456, 466-67, 471, 483 1:3-5, 8, 10-11, 27, 30, 73-74, 76
\n11:3, 28, 84-85. 87-88 <\/b> III: 5.9-10. 15, 19, 23-24, 26-28, 86 IV: 110 V: 17, 100 VI: 124. 140 VIII: 125- 26, 133-34 IX: 29-30 XIII:
\n28, 47 XIV: 104, 107, 163-64 XV: 62-63, 66, 72 XVII: 66, 70, 72 XXI:
\n82, 85<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnglish<\/b> (language) language belonging to the
\nGermanic branch of the great Indo-European family of languages. English is the
\nmajor language, through former colonisation, of countries in all five
\ncontinents, and a world- wide cultural, scientific and commercial medium.
\n(Pears) Der: Englishing 0 1: 13, 18, 81, 92, 198.245.297, 329, 353, 400, 410, 430, 448, 455, 460, 464, 485-86, 518-19, 521, 523, 546, 552, 554, 570, 598, 601, 604, 625, 641, 655, 785, 849, 866, 901 2: pre.. 88, 144, 150, 250, 358, 383, 399, 411, 417, 422 3:79, 82, 89-90, 92, 96, 98, 102, 108, 147, 184-85, 226, 236-48, 262, 292, 306, 309, 430 4: pre., 27, 30, 54, 81, 93, 135, 176, 193, 195-96, 284, 295. 302 5: pre., 258, 341-48, 354-56, 361-65, 369-70, 375, 380-82, 386- 87, 551-53, 558, 585-86, 588 8:61, 157 9:1-3, 6-7, 27, 44-46, 48-65, 70, 73, 75, 78-83, 88-89, 91-93, 96, 105, 110-11, 120, 124, 127, 129-30, 135, 138-39. 141, 144, 148, 156-57, 167-68, 170-71, 175-76, 179, 183, 187, 189, 196, 237, 246, 273, 280-81, 284, 286-87, 301, 303, 307-08, 320, 345, 355, 365, 371, 374, 393, 395-403, 405-06, 409.414, 417-23, 431-34, 437-38, 441-42, 444, 446, 451, 453-57, 459-64, 466-68, 479, 481, 522-24, 526, 545, 548, 560 10:51-52, 211, 351-52, 355-56, 387, 556, 558, 571 11:11, 19-20, 454, 461, 484 12:
\npre., 40, 54, 57-58, 200, 447, 477 13:90 14:8, 71, 91, 263, 298, 433 15:302, 305-06, 332, 390, 411, 494-95, 521 16:79, 336, 419, 431 17:195, 252, 265, 267-68, 277, 283, 290, 295-96, 304, 323, 351, 361, 367, 397 20:12, 292, 295, 364 21:746 22:223, 282, 288, 290, 292, 294, 305, 405, 451 23:721, 742, 920 24:1109, 1284, 1559 25:79, 259, 383, 389 26:1-3, 5, 7, 9.11-12, 15, 28, 34, 65, 226, 234-35, 252-53, 262, 266-67, 273, 283-84, 290, 298, 306, 312-13, 315-16, 319-25, 327-28, 342, 367, 409
\n27:60, 81, 89-90, 92-94.96-100, 102-07, 155, 209, 230, 351-52, 421, 456, 482 29:727, 753, 760, 769-70, 781, 800, 805-06 1:1-2,
\n9, 11-12, 27, 30, 60, 76
\n11:13, 15, 18-19, 27-31, 35, 73, 77, 87 111:5, 8-11, 84 IV: 197 V: 17-18 VI: 139, 143
\nVII: 4, 15 VIII: 126-27 IX: 58 X: 115, 142, 154, 172, 186 XIII:47 XIV:123, 137, 165
\nXV: 45, 76 XVI: 149, 151, 178 XVII: 50, 53, 64, 66, 69 XXI: 67<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnglish Channel<\/b> commonly called "The
\nChannel", arm of the Atlantic Ocean separating the southern coast of England
\nfrom the northern coast of France. (Enc. Br.) a 1:29<\/font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n Page-108<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nEnglishman<\/i><\/b> Anglo-Indian English daily issued
\nfrom Hare Street, Calcutta, founded and edited by J. H. Stocqueter. It started
\nin 1821 under the title of The John Bull in the East, <\/i> and from 1st
\nOctober 1833 until it stopped publication in April 1934, it appeared as The
\nEnglishman.<\/i> (Cal. Lib.) a 1:132, 150-51, 155-56, 160, 167-69, 174, 177-78, 184, 186, 202, 219-21, 242-44, 267, 271-72, 279-81, 283, 288, 303, 332, 337, 343-44, 372-73, 375, 403, 408, 410, 434, 457, 509, 521-22, 539, 564-65, 584, 593, 607, 610, 624, 719-20, 865 2:32, 77, 143-44, 218, 238, 249, 283.310, 357, 361, 367, 376, 382 4:176, 182, 199, 215, 238 27:10, 12-14<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnna<\/b> a place in central Sicily. It was, in
\nGreek mythology, the site of the rape of Persephone (Kore). See<\/i> Demeter.
\n(M.I.) a 5:510<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnnius<\/b>, Ouintus<\/b> (239-169 Be), Latin epic poet, dramatist and satirist,
\nregarded by the Romans as the father of Latin poetry. Virgil, Lucretius and Ovid borrowed freely from Ennius. (Col. Enc.; Enc. Br.) a
\n9:61-62<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnnosigaios<\/b> also spelled Ennosigaeus, in
\nGreek mythology, an epithet of Poseidon, meaning "earth-shaker", as one who
\ncauses the earth to quake and tremble when he strikes it with his trident, thus
\ncreating chasms, valleys, springs and river-beds. (N.C.C.H.) n 6:16, 82<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnoch<\/b> Arden<\/i> a collection of poems
\n(1864) by Tennyson. It was popular, but censured in some quarters. (Col. Enc.) a
\n9:63<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEntretiens<\/b><\/i> French translation of
\nCONVERSATIONS<\/i> by the Mother, first published in 1933 under the title
\nEntretiens aveclaMere.<\/i> a 24:1230 25:400-01<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnvoi<\/i><\/b> a short poem (1890-92) by Sri
\nAurobindo, the last in the collection Songs to Myrtilla<\/i> (1895). The
\nepigraph to the poem is the concluding stanza of Virgil’s Catalepton V.<\/i>
\n(A-Poet.p. 136) n 26:7<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEoan<\/b> relating to dawn or the east (Eos is
\nthe goddess of dawn in Greek mythology). In Ilion, <\/i> it is an epithet of
\nPenthesilea’s forces. (M.I.) D 5:459, 466, 468, 474, 514-15, 517-19<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpeus<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s epic Ilion, <\/i>
\none of the Greek chieftains. In Greek mythology there were two men with this
\nname involved in the Trojan War on the Greek side. One was the man who, with the
\nhelp of Athene, made the Wooden Horse. The other was the son and successor of
\nEndymion, king of Elis. It is not clear if Sri Aurobindo had either in mind, but the latter would better fit the
\ndescription he gives. (M.I.) D 5: 444, 469, 491<\/font> <\/td>\n

\n

\nEphesian<\/b> epithet of Heraclitus, a native
\n<\/b>or
\n<\/b>inhabitant of Ephesus, an ancient city of Asia Minor. (Web.) n 16:336<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEphialtus<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s epic Ilion, <\/i>
\na Greek warrior. (M.I.) n 5:491<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpictetus (c. 55-c. 135), Phrygian Stoic
\nphilosopher remember for the religious tone of his teachings, which commended
\nhim to numerous early Christian thinkers. He wrote nothing; his teachings were
\nset down by his disciple Arrian. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.) 0 14:212 17:373 XIV:163<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpicurus<\/b> (341-270 Be), Greek philosopher, author of
\nan ethical philosophy of simple pleasure, friendship, and retirement. He founded
\nschools of philosophy that survived directly from the 4th century BC until the
\n4th century AD. (Enc. Br.) Der: Epicurean(s);<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpicureanism<\/b> a 3:32, 98 4:109, 298 5:58 12:484
\n14:57 16:362 18:398 19:879 20:20 V:63, 75 XIV: 145, 163<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpigoni<\/b> in Greek legend, the sons of the
\nSeven (Heroes) Against Thebes. Ten years after the fathers of the Seven died at
\nThebes, and long before the Trojan War, the Heroes avenged their fathers under
\nthe leadership of Adrastus, the only surviving hero of the Seven. They conquered
\nThebes and gave the kingdom to Thersander, who was one of the Epigoni. (Col.
\nEnc.) o 3:80<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpipsychidion<\/i><\/b> a poem (1821) by Shelley, part
\nspiritual autobiography, part praise of ideal love. It is one of the three
\ngreatest things Shelley has left to us on the larger scale. A girl known at
\nPisa, Emila Viviani, helped to inspire this poem. (Col. Enc.; A) a 9: 127, 528<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpirote<\/b> of EpiRus. (M.I.) u 5:469<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEpirus<\/b> ancient province of Greece, on the Ionian
\nSea, a region now in northwestern Greece and southern Albania. (Col. Enc.;<\/font><\/p>\n

M.I.) a 5:484, 486<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nErasmus, <\/b> Desiderius (c. 1466-1536), Dutch
\nhumanist and ordained priest of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the greatest
\npatristic and classical scholar of the northern humanist Renaissance. Erasmus
\ncombined a vast learning with a keen, often malicious humour. His original
\nworks, written in Latin, are mainly satirical and critical. (Enc. Br.;<\/font><\/p>\n

Col. Enc.) D XIV: 127<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEratosthenes<\/b> Eratosthenes of Cyrene (c.
\n276-c. 194 BC), Greek scholar known for<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n Page-109<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nhis versatility. He wrote poetry, and prose<\/font><\/p>\n

works (most of them lost) on literature, the
\ntheatre, mathematics, astronomy, geography, and philosophy. He is credited with
\nmeasur- ing correctly the circumference and tilt of
\n<\/b>the <\/b>earth and the size and distance of the sun and the moon. (Enc.
\nBr.; Col. Enc.) a 3:338<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nErebus<\/b> in Greek religion, primeval Darkness, sprung from Chaos. The name is applied to that part of the underworld through
\nwhich the souls of the dead pass to reach Hades. It was regarded as the abode
\noftheEpiNNYEs. (M.I.) n 1:693 3:31 5:404 6:47<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEremite a character in Sri Aurobindo’s play
\nRodogune.<\/i> (Note: This common noun meaning "hermit" has by oversight been
\nmentioned in the Dramatis Personae of the play as if it were a proper name, and
\nbracketed with the captains of the Syrian army.) D 6:333, 414-16, 433<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEric<\/i> a dramatic romance written by Sri
\nAurobindo in Pondicherry in 1912 or 1913. (I & G) [From "Record of Yoga" MSS
\nNov. 1913-Oct. -27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEric a character – the hero, king of Norway and
\nson of Yarislaf- in Sri Aurobindo’s
\nEric, <\/i> a dramatic romance, <\/b> a 6:473, 477-82, 485-96, 499-502, 504-12, 514-42, 544-49, 552-58<\/font><\/p>\n

\nErin poetic name of Ireland. (Col. Enc.) D 5:11
\n6:543 7:885<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nErinna<\/b> a character participating in "A
\nDialogue" (incomplete) written by Sri Aurobindo at Cambridge sometime around
\n1891. (A&R, II:91) a 11:5-9<\/font><\/p>\n

\nErinny(e)s Erinyes, in Greek mythology, the
\ngoddesses of vengeance, usually represented as three winged maidens, with snakes
\nin their hair. They pursued criminals, drove them mad, and tormented them in
\nHades. They were spirits of punishment, avenging wrongs done especially to
\nkindred. In Roman litera- ture they were called Furies. (Enc. Br.;<\/font><\/p>\n

\nCol. Enc.; M.I.) a 5:394.495 <\/b>6:44 XV: 2<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nErmenild<\/b> SeeHermengild.<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEros in Greek religion, god of love. Usually, he
\nwas known as the son of Aphrodite and Ares. In archaic art he was represented as
\na beautiful winged youth armed with bow and arrows, but tended to be made
\nyounger and younger until, by the Hellenistic period, he was an infant. (Enc.
\nBr.) 1-1 5:31 6:422 9: 543 II: 6-7<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nErse<\/b> also called Scots Gaelic or the
\nScottish Gaelic language; a member of the Goidelic group of Celtic languages, spoken by about 81, 000
\npersons living along the northwest coast of Scotland and in the Hebrides
\nislands. Scottish Gaelic is a recent offshoot of the Irish language. (Enc. Br.)
\nD 15:390<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEryx<\/b> an ancient city in northwest Sicily. It
\nhad a famous temple to Aphrodite. The site is now occupied by the village of
\nErice. (Col. Enc.) a 5:501<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEsarhaddon Esar-Haddon, king of ancient Assyria
\n(680-669 Be), one of the most powerful of the Assyrian kings. (Enc. Br.;<\/font><\/p>\n

\nCol. Enc.; A) a 3:110 7:1085-86 IX: 28<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEsau<\/b> in the Old Testament, the elder of the
\ntwin sons of Isaac. See also<\/i> Jacob. (Enc. Br.) D 1:172, 394<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEsperanto<\/b> an artificial language designed
\nlike Volapuk as a medium for persons of all nations. It was developed in 1887 by
\nLudwik Zamenhof, a Polish oculist. Esperanto enthusiasts have published
\nextensively. (Col. Enc.; Enc. Br.) a 15:484 26:321<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEssay on Criticism<\/i> a didactic poem by Pope, in heroic couplets, published anonymously in 1711. The work is remarkable as
\nhaving been written when Pope was only twenty-one, and it is with this
\npublication that Pope made his name. (Ox. Comp.; Enc. Br.) a 1:10<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEssays on the Gita<\/i> a book of essays on the
\nBhagawad Gita<\/i> written by Sri Aurobindo. The essays were first published
\nin Arya<\/i> in two series. In book form the First Series came out in 1922 and
\nthe Second Series in 1928. A combined edition of both series was first brought
\nout in 1950. (I & G) a 23:848, 1069 24:1415 26:40, 176, 370-71 XVII: 70<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEssays <\/b> on Yoga working title of what was
\nlater published as Essays on the Gita.
\n<\/i>a <\/b> XXII: 164<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEssence of Vedanta<\/i> the title, translated
\ninto
\n<\/b>English, of the book Vedantasdra<\/i> written in Sanskrit by SADANANDA. It
\nis one of the best known epitomes of the Adwaita philosophy as taught by
\nShankaracharya’. It has 227 Sutras (aphorisms), of which Sri Aurobindo
\ntranslated the first sixteen. (Ved. S.) n 12:440<\/font><\/p>\n

\nL’Essence <\/b>unique sub-title of the first part
\nof the instalment of "Les Paroles eternelles" that appeared in the French
\nedition of Arya
\n<\/i>in September 1914. An English translation by Sri Aurobindo, "The Soul
\nEssence", came out in the English edition of the same month. [From "Record of
\nYoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-110<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nEssene a<\/b> religious sect or brotherhood that
\nflourished in Palestine from about the second century BC to the end of the first
\ncentury AD. The Essenes clustered in monastic communi- ties. Like the Pharisees, they meticulously observed the Law of Moses, the Sabbath, and ritual purity.
\nThey also professed belief in immortality and divine punishment for sin. But
\nunlike the Pharisees, the Essenes denied the resurrection of the body and
\nrefused to immerse themselves in public life. (Enc. Br.) n XVI: 181<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEstelle a feminine name used by Sri Aurobindo. Q
\n5:9<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEstrild<\/b> a character – concubine of Humber
\nand a Pictish princess – in Sri Aurobindo’s
\nplay The House of Brut.<\/i> D 7:883, 886-87<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEternal Wisdom, The<\/i> English translation by
\nSri Aurobindo of Les Paroles eternelles
\n<\/i>published serially in Arya.<\/i> This journal stopped coming out after
\nJanuary 1921, leaving a considerable amount of work unpublished. Part of the
\ntranslation was brought out in book form from Madras in 1922. Only Volume 1, comprising the Introduction, Book I, and the first section of Book II, was
\npublished. The remaining sections (ii-iv) of Book II, Book III contain- ing nine
\nsections, and the Conclusion were declared as the contents of "forthcoming"
\nvolumes which, however, .never came out. (A) a 27:456<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEthiope<\/b> in classical literature, poetic
\n<\/b>form of
\n<\/b>Ethiopian. (O.C.C.L.) o 27:128<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEthiopian (native) of Ethiopia (ancient Abyssinia), an empire of east central Africa. The name Abyssinia, although never official, was formerly widely applied to the country. (Col. Enc.) a 7:561, 606, 608<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEtna name of a volcano on the east coast of Sicily.
\nIt is the highest active volcano in Europe. (Col. Enc.) a 29:507<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEtruscan<\/b> (native) of ancient Etruria, a
\ncountry of west central Italy, now forming Tuscany and part of Umbria. (Col.
\nEnc.) a 3:480<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEucken, <\/b> Rudolf Christoph (1846-1926), German
\nidealist philosopher, interpreter of Aristotle, and author of works in ethics
\nand religion. His work attained wide popularity, and he was awarded the 1908
\nNobel Prize for literature. (Enc. Br.) a 17:320<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEugene<\/b> Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736), Austrian
\ngeneral, considered by many the greatest military strategist of his time.
\n<\/b>He was a major influence on such later rulers and generals as Frederick II the Great and
\nNapoleon. (Enc. Br.) n 7:847<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\nEuhemeros<\/b> also spelled as Euhemerus, Euemeros, or Evemerus (fl. 300 BC), Greek mythographer who established the
\ntradition of seeking an actual historical basis for mythical beings and events.
\n(Enc. Br.) n 4:22<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEumachus<\/b> in Greek mythology, a wealthy Troj
\nan, brother of Creiisa. (M.I.) n 5:461<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEunice<\/b> a character – daughter of Prince
\nNicanor and cousin to Antiochus and Timocles; companion of Cleopatra – in Sri
\nAurobindo’s play Rodogune.<\/i> D 6:333, 335-42, 356-57, 360-62, 371-73, 376-79, 389-90, 394-96, 401, 404, 406, 408-09, 413-14, 418, 428, 430-31, 435, 440, 442, 446, 448-49, 451-52, 455-58, 465, 468<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEuphrates<\/b> a river of southwest Asia. Rising
\nin eastern Turkey, it flows to Iraq where it joins the Tigris to form the Shatt-al-Arab.
\n(Enc. Br.) Der: Euphratic a 5:13, 263, 414 6:99, 354, 380<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEuphrosyne’ one of the three Greek goddesses
\ncalled Graces (the other two being Aglaia and Thalia), daughter of Zeus and
\nEurynome. The Graces are personifications of beauty and charm, and often
\nassociated with the Muses, Dionysus, Eros, and Aphrodite. (Col. Enc.) n 5:31<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEuphrosyne2<\/b> a character – the maid of the
\nfarm, Christofir’s daughter – in Sri Aurobindo’s play The Maid in the Mill.
\n<\/i>D 7:821, 874<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEurasian<\/b> (person) of mixed European and
\nAsian parentage; of Europe and Asia. (C.O.D.) a l:l02 2:367<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEuripides (c. 484-406 BC) , the youngest of Athens’
\nthree greatest tragic poets (the other two being Aeschylus and Sophocles). He
\nwrote perhaps 92 plays, of which only 19 are extant. His plays suggest that he
\nfound the universe unpredictable and on the whole dreadful. (Enc. Br.; Col.
\nEnc.) a 9:304, 521 14:192 15:339<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEurope western peninsular extension of the Eurasian
\nlandmass, larger only than Australia among the continents. (Enc. Br.) Der:
\nEuropean; Europeanise(d);<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEuropeanising; Europeanism<\/b> Q 1:21, 27, 36, 40, 48, 50, 63, 74, 103, 108, 121, 151-52, 154, 163, 178, 189, 240, 243, 257, 259-61, 271-72, 305, 343, 347, 349, 362-63, 371, 396, 408, 411, 414, 449, 453, 465, 467-68, 470-72, 487, 504, 511, 525-26,
\n536, 538, 552, 555, 557, 573-74, 576-77, 603, 620, <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n <\/font><\/b>Page-111<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\n625, 654-55, 662, 666, 710, 714, 718, 728, 730, 737, 757-60, 762, 768-71, 790, 807, 813-16, 826, 842-44, 860-62, 880, 882, 884, 902
\n2:11-12, 14, 17-18, 20, 26, 28-31, 34-40, 42, 49, 51, 63, 73, 77-78, 81, 83-85, 88, 95, 105-06, 118, 122, 147, 160, 164, 167-69, 172, 195, 205, 209-10, 212-13, 216-18, 236, 241, 247-48, 252-54, 256-57, 263, 265-66, 268, 271, 279-80, 288, 291-92, 305-06, 350-51, 359-61, 367, 374, 378, 385, 390-91, 394, 396-97, 399, 402-05, 408, 411 <\/b>3:6, 77, 79, 83, 85, 94, 102, 111-14, 116-17, 120, 122-23, 126, 128, 142-43, 164, 171, 174, 177-78, 180-81, 189, 197-98, 224, 227, 232, 234, 243, 262-63, 292, 303-05, 307, 330, 334, 338-40, 345, 350, 352, 358-59, 363, 370, 375, 380, 388-89, 393-94, 404, 413-15, 417-19, 422, 424-25, 427-28, 431, 433, 437-39, 446-48, 454-56, 458-59, 481-82, 484 4:24, 44, 81, 92, 98, 109, 143, 148, 151-52, 154-55, 159, 162-63, 165-66, 212, 214-15, 251-52, 257, 273, 278, 282, 291-93, 298, 301, 304, 310, 332 <\/b> 5: 56, 145, 404-05, 428, 469, 484-86, 492 7:567, 665, 1027, 1031
\n9:2, 19, 36, 42, 44-47, 62, 83, 91, 110-11, 134, 144, 189, 237, 246, 252, 283, 286-88, 307, 322, 406, 423, 432, 445, 453-54, 496, 517, 522, 529, 536, 546, 554 <\/b>10:2-4,
\n6, <\/b>16-24, 28, 31, 34, 37, 106, 193, 333, 352-53, 448, 494, 545-47, 552, 555-57
\n11:2, 7, 15, 471 12:8, 10, 23-24, 40, 53-54, 56, 58, 408, 478, 485-86, 494, 497-99, 502, 504, 508, 522, 536, 538 <\/b>13:12, 28, 147, 160. 162, 495, 505, 544
\n14:1-11, 13-20, 23, 25, 31-35, 37-38, 46-47, 51. 54, 56-58, 60-61, 67, 69, 73, 76-83, 89-91, 95-97, 99. 103, 121-22, 128-30. 133-35, 145, 147-48, 152, 156-57, 174, 176-78, 180, 182, 184-85, 190-93, 200-03, 205, 207, 213-14, 216-17, 220, 222-23, 226-29, 231, 233-34, 237, 246-47, 251, 253, 256-58, 260, 270, 305, 310, 316, 322, 324. 329, 336-38, 340, 345, 349-50, 362, 364-66, 378-80, 387-89, 392-93, 397-402, 404-05, 408-09, 411, 413, 415, 417-18, 420, 422.424, 426, 430-31
\n<\/b>15:2, 9-12, 14-16, 19-20, 22-23, 25-26, 32, 44-46, 48, 50, 59, 69, 79, 84, 86-87, 147-48, 163-64, 168, 178, 189, 192, 196, 210, 225, 263-64, 269-70, 281, 286, 289, 292, 296-99, 301-02, 312, 314, 316-17, 319-21, 323-25. 327-33, 337, 339-40, 343, 345, 347-49, 351-53, 355, 358, 364-68, 377-78, 380-84, 391, 407-08, 411-20, 422, 426, 430, 435, 445-47, 454, 456, 458, 469, 478, 480, 487-88, 491, 493-94, 496, 502-04, 508, 513-14, 519, 525, 528, 530, 537, 566-67, 584, 589-90, 604, 609, 614, 620, 626-27, 633-35. 638, 640-41, 644-49, 651, 653
\n16: 79. 90, 92, 225, 228-29, 241, 262, 275, 309-14, 322-23, 325-27, 335, 362, 365, 370, 427-28 17:82-83, 87, 114, 117, 119-20, 125, 153, 158, 168, 180-82, 184-85, 191, 193, 195-96, 203, 209-10, 212, 217, 219, 231-32, 238, 241, 244-45, 248, 257-58, 268-69, 274-77, 279-80, 283-84, 290, 294, 298-99,
\n302, 313-14, 317-18, 324, 337-38, 340, 342, 351, 371, 377-78, 380, 383, 385-86, 393, 404
\n<\/b>18:9.
\n<\/b>376 <\/b>19:650, 763, 1051-52 <\/b>20:10, 18, 130.260, 292, 345, 363,
\n365, 428, 434, 476 22: 5, 32, 61, 67-68, 77, 85, 128, 131, 153, 157, 160, 174,
\n184, 190, <\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\n205-06, 209, 214, 306, 321, 354, 393, 408, 421, 452, 468, 481, 489
\n23:510, 547, 553, 555-59, 563, 617, 676, 767, 861-62, 1031, 1048 24:1164, 1256, 1298, 1388, 1496, 1510-11, 1515, 1517, 1521, 1523, 1570, 1585, 1587, 1657, 1731, 1742 25:96, 230, 241, 365-66 <\/b>26:1, 6-7, 39, 90, 130, 214, 262, 282, 354, 365-66, 388, 403, 406, 425, 431, 482 27:18, 45, 51-52, 93, 96, 99, 103, 110-11, 115, 122, 124, 150, 163, 165-66, 180-85, 202, 204, 209, 217, 269, 285, 299, 309, 312, 347-48, 355, 371, 434, 438, 440, 442-43, 453, 460, 467, 476, 479, 486, 490 <\/b>
\n29:800, 803
\n1:8, 21, 26, 29-31, 42, 48, 56-58, 67
\n<\/b>11:7-,
\n84, 88 III: 1-2, 5, 7, 9, 13, 22, 25, 29, 53, 85<\/font><\/p>\n

IV: 161-63, 167 <\/b> V: 17, 79, 97 <\/b>
\nVI:
\n157, 177, 191, 193, 195-201 <\/b> VII: 7, 15, 19-20 <\/b> VIII: 133, 169, 171, 173-74, 176-78, 188-91, 193-95 <\/b> IX: 17, 22, 27, 29-33 X: 141, 146, 186
\n<\/b>XII: 152-53 <\/b>XIII: 23, 25, 28-30, 32, 36-37′, 47 XIV:<\/b> 118, 120-28, 130-31, 145, 164, 168 XV: 3-4, 6-7,
\n9, 11-15, 18-19, 21-23.25, 30, 64-67, 70.76-77
\nXVI: 132-37, 144-45, 148, 153, 181-84, 190
\nXVII: 9-11, 19, 26, 28-29, 34, 36-42, 44-48, 66, 73
\nXVIII: 153-58, 160-61, 163, 168 XIX: 35.64, 68, 73, 78 XX: 148 XXI: 102 XXII:
\n127<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEurotas<\/b> the modern Iris, a river in the
\nsouthern Peloponnesus or Morea, the southernmost region of continental
\nGreece.
\n<\/b>Sparta was on the banks of the Eurotas. (Col. Enc.;M.I.) a 5:411, 434, 440, 465<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEurus<\/b> in Greek legend, the youngest son of
\nPolydamas, who in Sri Aurobindo’s llion
\n<\/i>(p.443)isasonofAntenor. (M.I.) a 5:443-45, 447, 456, 459-60<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEurydice<\/b> in Greek mythology, a nymph, wife
\nof ORPHEUS. (CoI.Enc.) a 27:153<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEuxine<\/b> the Greek name for the Black Sea.
\n(O.C1.D.) D 5:383, 391<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEvangeline<\/i> a long narrative poem (1847) by
\nLongfellow; it is a tale in hexameters about the British expulsion of the French
\nAcadians from Nova Scotia. (Enc. Br.) D 5:346 11:27<\/font><\/p>\n

\nEvans-Wentz, Dr. W. Y. of Jesus College, Oxford, a well-known author of several books, including The Tibetan Book of
\nthe Dead, Tibet’s Great Yogi Milarepa, Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines, <\/i>
\nand The Tibetan Book of the Great Liberation.<\/i> n 22:67<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEvaya Marut<\/b> in the Veda, a name of Vishnu, one from whom the Maruts sprang;<\/font><\/p>\n

\nthe forcefully moving Thought-God. . (A;A&R, V:28) a
\n10:333 V:28<\/font>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n Page-112<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nEve<\/b> in the Hebrew Bible, the first woman, wife of Adam and the mother of Cain, Abel, and Seth. She was beguiled by the
\nserpent into eating the forbidden fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. Eve then
\ntempted Adam to eat, whereupon they were banished from the Garden of Eden. (Col.
\nEnc.) a 12:46 14:203-04 17:137 18:51 26:259 29: 798<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nThe<\/b> Eve <\/b>of St. Agnes<\/i> a poem by John
\nKeats, written in 1819 and published shortly before his death in 1821. It is
\nbased on a legend that maidens were allowed to have a sight of their future
\nhusbands on the eve of St. Agnes’ feast day. (Ox. Comp.) a 9:130<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nExcalibur<\/b> in Arthurian legend, name of the
\nsword that the Lady of the Lake gave to King Arthur. (Col. Enc.) a 1:365<\/font><\/p>\n

\nExpansion of England<\/i> an historical work
\n(1883) by Sir John Robert Seeley. (Col. Enc.) a 2:356 3:471<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nExtremist<\/b> (Party) a term applied to the
\nIndian Nationalists first by the London
\nTimes.<\/i> It was taken up by the Moderates in India and came into active use
\nafter the partition of Bengal in 1905. This "nickname of party warfare" was
\nrejected by the "Extremists" themselves, who preferred to call themselves
\nNationalists or the New Party. The label, however, stuck; and it is used by all
\nhistorians of the period. (A.B.T., p. 90; A) Der: Extremism
\n<\/b>D 1:178, 191, 201, 207, 227, 232, 254, 264, 280, 296-98, 303, 319, 324, 336, 350, 362, 390, 409, 418, 460, 556, 562-63, 584, 590-91, 593, 597, 600, 607, 610, 615, 626-27, 670, 674, 809-10, 828, 838-41, 906-09 2:75
\n4:183, 203, 235, 244, 268 14:9 26:27, 29-30, 35, 42, 45, 48 27:59-61 IV: 109-12 Vin: 123
\nXVII: 67<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEzra<\/b> the book of Ezra in the Old Testament.
\nThe books of Ezra and Nehemiah were originally circulated a? a single book
\n(Ezra), but eventually each book assumed the name of its principal figure, and
\nboth together form a sequel to the books of the Chronicles. (Enc. Br.) [From
\n"Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nF<\/font><\/b><\/font>
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFabian<\/b> Society Socialist society founded in
\n1883-84 in London, having as its goal the establishment of a democratic
\nSocialist state in Great Britain. The Fabians put their faith<\/font><\/p>\n

 in evolutionary Socialism rather than
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\nin revolution. (The name of the society is derived
\nfrom the Roman general Fabius Cunctator, whose patient and elusive tactics in
\navoiding pitched battles secured his ultimate victory over stronger forces.) The
\nFabians at first attempted to permeate the Liberal and Conservative parties with
\nSocialist ideas, but later they helped to organize the separate Labour
\nRepresentative Committee, which became the Labour Party in 1906. The Fabian
\nSociety has since been affiliated with the Labour Party. (Enc. Br.) a 9:552 26:5<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFadnavis<\/b> See<\/i> Nana Fadnavis<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFaerie Queene; Faery Queen<\/i> an unfinished
\npoem (1590-96) in six books by Edmund Spenser. It is his masterpiece and one of
\nthe greatest poems written in English. In it Spenser gave allegorical expression
\nto his moral, political, and religious opinions. The so-called "Spenserian
\nstanza" in which this poem is written is Spenser’s chief contribu- tion to
\nEnglish verse form. (Col. Enc.) 0 9:62, 75, 113, 361<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFafner<\/b> variant of Fafnir, in the (Norse)
\nmythology of the Nibelungenlied, a son of the magician Hreidmar. In the form of
\na dragon he guarded the gold which was paid in atonement for the death of Otr.
\nHe was slain by Sigurd (see<\/i> Sigurd’). (Enc. Am.) D 10:183<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFairbanks, Douglas<\/b> (1883-1939), American
\nmotion-picture actor and producer whose real name was Douglas Eiton Ulman. He
\nwas one of the first and greatest of the swashbuckling screen heroes. (Enc. Br.)
\n0 26:378<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFairclough, <\/b> A. <\/b> R. (A is a misprint
\nfor H) Henry Rushton Fairclough (1862-1938), American philologist, assistant
\nprofessor and professor of classical literature at Leiand Stanford University
\n(1893-1902), visiting lecturer\/professor in Greek and Latin at Harvard (1925-26)
\nand at Amherst (1927-29), and professor at the American School of Classical
\nStudies, Rome. He edited and translated numerous Greek and Latin texts. (Enc.
\nAm.) a 9:374<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFaizuddin Hossein, Maulavi a judge<\/b> who tried
\ncases of looting in Jamalpur (Bengal) in 1907. (A) a <\/b>1:440-41<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFalstaff<\/b> Sir John Falstaff, the leading
\ncharacter in Shakespeare’s comedy The Merry Wives of Windsor, <\/i> also
\npresented as one of the irregular humorists in King Henry the Fourth.<\/i>
\nFalstaff, perhaps the greatest <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\nPage-113<\/font>
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nand<\/font><\/p>\n

\t\tmost famous comic character in all English
\nliterature, is an original creation of Shakespeare. (Shakes.; Enc. Br.) D 4:284
\n17:96 26:67 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFar<\/b> East region of the world comprising the
\neastern edge of Asia and various adjacent areas. Most definitions include
\nEastern Siberia, China, the Mongolian People’s Republic, North and South Korea, and Japan, and may also include Southeast Asia, the Philippines, Indonesia, the
\nMalay penin- sula and archipelago, and the Indian sub- continent. (Enc. Br.) Der:
\nFar Eastern D 1:260-61, 814-15 9:97, 253, 283 14:237 15:367, 569, 644 24:1565 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFarced<\/b> a character – son of Almuene – in Sri
\nAurobindo’s play The Viziers ofBassora.
\n<\/i>0 7:561, 566-67, 569-73, 579, 581-84, 589, 593, 624, 659, 661, 706-09, 715, 717-18 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFaridpur<\/b> name of a district and its head-
\nquarters in the Dacca division of Bengal (now in Bangladesh). (Enc. Br.) a 1:77, 357, 477-78 2:200 4:229<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFascist<\/b> follower of Fascism, <\/b> a
\npolitical attitude and mass movement that acquired considerable power in Europe
\nbetween World Wars I and II. Fascist parties emphasized nationalism, and
\nauthority centred in a leader. The word Fascism was first used in 1919 by
\nMussolini in Italy. The movement reached its zenith in the Germany of Hitler.
\n(Enc. Br.) n 15:17, 20, 45, 189, 193, 196, 327, 376, 380, 390, 424, 449-50, 466, 472, 478-80, 485 22:152 26:40, 346 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFate<\/b> See<\/i> Fate(s) <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nPatehpur-Sikri<\/b> a deserted ancient city, a
\nrocky locality 23 miles west of Agra where the famous Muslim saint Shaikh Salim
\nChisti resided. In honour of the saint and with the purpose of residing there
\nhimself. Emperor Akbar converted Sikri into a royal town. Numerous magnificent
\nbuildings were constructed within a few years. Fatehpur- Sikri was Akbar’s
\ncapital for about 15 years from 1570. It eventually was abandoned because of the
\nlack of water. (D.I.H.) a 3:422 14:224 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFate(s) also called Moirai, <\/b> three Greek
\ngoddesses of destiny, daughters of Zeus and Themis, who controlled the lives of
\nmen. They were Clotho, who spun the thread
\n<\/b>of life, Lachesis, who measured its length, and Atropos, who cut it. (Col.
\nEnc.) 0 [Note: <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n"Fate" is often personified, or its initial letter
\ncapitalized, in Sri Aurobindo’s writings. It has been indexed only when it
\nrefers expressly to one of these Greek goddesses.] 5:420, 426, 437, 463-64, 468, 510 16:283 XV: 2 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFaustus The Tr’agical History of Doctor Faustus<\/i>
\n(1593) by Marlowe, based on a German legend, the tale of a learned doctor who
\nsurrendered his soul to the devil in exchange for youth, knowledge, and magical
\npower. (Col. Enc.; Web.) a 3:186 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFear<\/b><\/i> title of a poem (in free verse)
\nby Evelyn Scott, published in the American journal Poetry<\/i> and reproduced
\nor quoted in the second number of Shama’a<\/i> that was reviewed by Sri
\nAurobindo in Arya.<\/i> (A) a 17:321 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nThe Feast of Youth<\/i> a collection of poems
\n(1918) by Harindranath Chattopadhyay. It was his first published book and showed
\ngreat promise. The collection takes its name from its first poem. (A; S.F.F., p.
\n977) a 17:304-05 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFederation (Hall) Ground an assembly hall and
\nground at 294 Upper Circular Road, Calcutta; it is a meeting ground and a symbol
\nof the union between East and West Bengal. (Guide) a 1:795, 813, 820 4:198, 207
\nVI:123 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFelix, <\/b> Antonius (fl. AD 60), Roman pro-
\ncurator of Judea, Samaria, Galilee, and Peraea from c. 52 to c. 60. The apostle
\nPaul addressed him at Caesarea on righteousness and the judgement to come, and
\nwas held in custody for two years. (Col. Enc.)
\n0<\/i> 1:597 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFenian(ism)<\/b> The Fenian movement was an Irish
\nnationalist secret society active chiefly in Ireland, the United States, and
\nBritain, especially during the 1860s. Its object was to promote revolution and
\noverthrow English government in Ireland. The name derives from "fiann", "feinne", the legendary band of Irish warriors led by Finn MacCumhaill. (Enc.Br.;C.O.D.) a
\n1:351 2:399 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFenwick<\/b> one of those members of the Labour
\nParty in England who represented the old-world element (individualistic leaven)
\nand were required in 1909 to quit the Labour organisation which had become
\npredomi- natingly socialistic. (A) a 2:285 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFerdinand’<\/b> probably Ferdinand II the
\nCatholic, of Aragon (1452-1516), who united the Spanish kingdoms into a nation
\nand began Spain’s entry into the modem period of imperialistic expansion. (Enc.
\nBr.) D 15:357<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n <\/font>Page-114<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nFerdinand2<\/b> a character – son of the king of
\nNaples – in Shakespeare’s comedy The Tempest.<\/i> (Shakes.) a 4:64 26:335, 337<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFerguson’ Robert Fergusson (1750-74), Scottish
\nlyric poet, one of the leading figures of the 18th-century revival of Scots
\nvernacular writing and the chief forerunner of Robert Burns. He wrote in
\nEnglish as well as in Scots, but his English verse has little value. (Enc. Br.)
\na u: n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFerguson2<\/b> James Fergusson (1808-86), historian and archaeologist, an authority and author of many books on ancient
\nIndian architecture. He was given the designation "Inspector of Public Buildings
\nand Monuments". (Enc. Ind.) 1-1 14:47<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFerguson, J. D.<\/b> a modern English artist. A
\nportrait done by him formed the frontispiece of the second number of Shama
\n‘a.<\/i> (A) D 17:314, 316<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFerguson College an old and famous college of Poona
\n(now spelled Pune) in the former province of Bombay (now in Maharashtra state).
\nIt was started with the object of giving a remodelled and national education to
\nthe young so as to fit them for the service of the country. On its staff worked
\nscholars and leaders like Paranjpe and Gokhale. (A.H.I.; N.S.I.) a 1:479, 717
\n17:291, 350<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFeringhee<\/b> an Indian term for European, especially Indian-born Portuguese, but applied loosely to white men of every
\nnation. (C.O.D.) a 1:219, 221<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFerrer, <\/b> Senor (Francisco) Francisco Ferrer
\nGuardia (1859-1909), Spanish educator and politician. He was executed for taking
\npart in the violent uprising in Barcelona in 1909. His death was viewed by
\nliberals everywhere as a judicial murder. (Col. Enc.) n 2:252 4:212, 215<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nPerrers, <\/b> Norman a contemporary of Sri
\nAurobindo at Cambridge, whose recitation of a very Homeric line from Clough gave
\nSri Aurobindo the clue to the discovery of the true quantitative hexameter in
\nEnglish, the real swing (or "lilt") of the meter. Ferrers later practised as a
\nbarrister at the Straits Settlement. In 1908 when the Alipore Bomb Case was
\ngoing on, Ferrers passed through Calcutta on his way to Singapore. He went to
\nthe High Court and was anxious to help Sri Aurobindo, but did not know how to do
\nso. (Purani) a 11:28<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFestus, Porcius (fl. AD 60), Roman procurator
\n(60-62) of Judaea. He was just in his administration of the province. Finding
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/td>\n

\n

\nPaul in prison, he gave him a fair hearing before
\nKing Agrippa and then sent him to Rome. (Col. Enc.) a 1:597<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFichte, Johann Gottlieb (1762-1814), German
\nphilosopher, the first of the great transcendental Idealists. His philosophy had
\nconsiderable influence in his day, but later he was remembered more as a patriot
\nand a liberal. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.) a 15:34<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFielding<\/b> the author of a book on Burma. a
\n14:43<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFielding, Henry<\/b> (1707-54), English novelist
\nand playwright, author of Tom Jones<\/i> and other well-known works. He and
\nSamuel Richardson are considered the founders of the English novel. (Enc. Br.) a
\n3:87, 92-93<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFife former county on the east coast of Scotland.
\nIt lies principally in the lowlands, rising north toward the eastern extension
\nof the Ochil Hills and south to the Lomand Hills. (Enc.Br.) [From "Record of
\nYoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFifine at the Fair<\/i> a poem (1872) by Robert
\nBrowning. (Ox. Comp.) a 9:542<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFiji<\/b> Melanesian island group in the South
\nPacific, comprising 250 islands of which 80 are inhabited. Fiji was the most
\nimportant British colony in the Pacific. (Col. Enc.) n 15:78 XVII: 26<\/font><\/p>\n

\nFilipinos natives and citizens of the Philippines, a group of some 7, 000 islands and rocks off Southeast Asia, in the Malay
\nArchipelago. (Col. Enc.) 0 1:260 2:216 15:508<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFinland<\/b> country (now a republic) in northern
\nEurope, northeast of the Baltic Sea. (Col. Enc.) Der: Finn(s)
\n0<\/i> 15:299, 512-14, 517-19<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFinnish<\/b> member of the Finno-Ugric group of
\nthe Uralic language family, spoken in Finland by more than five million persons.
\nFinnish has a written tradition dating from the 16th century. It achieved
\nofficial status in Finland, replacing Swedish, in 1809. The publication in 1835
\nof the Kalevala, <\/i> a national epic poem based on Finnish folk- lore, aroused Finnish national feeling and in the century that followed Finnish
\ngradually became the predominant language in govern- ment and education. (Enc.
\nBr.) 0 26:234<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFirdausi<\/b> (c. 935-c. 1020\/26), principal
\nPersian poet, author of the Shah-namah
\n<\/i>(Book of Kings), the Persian national epic. Basing his poem mainly on an
\nearlier prose<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-115<\/font>
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nversion, Firdausi gave to the Shah-namah<\/i> its
\nfinal and enduring form. (Enc. Br.) a 14:285 26:233-34 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFire<\/b> See<\/i> Agni <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFire<\/b><\/i> title of a poem by Harindranath
\nChattopadhyay, published in his collection,
\nThe Feast of Youth<\/i> that was reviewed by Sri Aurobindo in Arya.<\/i> (A)
\na 17:306-07 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFish<\/b> known as Pisces in Latin, and Mina in
\nHindu astronomy, a zodiacal constellation lying directly south of Andromeda. It
\nis described as two fishes with one end of a long rope tied to the tail of each.
\nAlthough Pisces is the 12th (last) sign of the zodiac, the vernal equinox which
\nmarks the beginning of the astronomical year is now located in this
\nconstellation. (Col. Enc.) a 17:257-58, 260 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFish Avatar<\/b> the first of the ten
\nincarnations of Vishnu. D 22:402 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFitton, Mary<\/b> (baptised 1578, died c. 1647), an Englishwoman, considered by some to be the still mysterious "dark lady" of
\nShakes- peare’s sonnets, though her authenticated biography does not suggest
\nacquaintance with Shakespeare. (Enc. Br.) a 3:230 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFitzgerald’<\/b> Lord Edward Fitz-Gerald
\n(1763-98), Irish rebel renowned for his gallantry and courage; a leading
\nconspirator behind the uprising of 1798 against British rule in Ireland. (Enc.
\nBr.) n 1:413 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFitzgerald2<\/b> Edward FitzGerald (1809-83), English poet, translator of Omar Khayyam. His Rubaiyat<\/i> (1859), one of the
\nmost popular of English poems, is actually a re-creation rather than a
\ntranslation of the Persian poem, a "splendid misrepresentation of Omar Khayyam"
\n(26: 254). (Col. Enc.; A) a 26:254 27:90 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlame<\/b> See<\/i> Agni <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlame-Wind<\/i> a poem in a new metre by Sri
\nAurobindo, written in 1942. (A)
\n<\/b>D 26:239, 252, 258 29:785, 797 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlaminia<\/b> a character in Sri Aurobindo’s
\nincomplete play The Maid in the Mill.<\/i> Var: <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlmainia<\/b> (a misprint) a 7:880 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFlanders historic region in the southwest of the
\nLow Countries (the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg), now divided between the
\nFrench departement of Nord, the Belgian provinces of East Flanders and West
\nFlanders, and the Dutch province of Zeeland. (Enc. Br.) n 15:348 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlandin<\/b> a candidate for election to the
\nFrench Chamber in 1920. (A) a 27:484 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/td>\n

\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlaubert, <\/b> Gustave (1821-80), French novelist regarded as the pioneer of the Realist school of
\nFrench literature. The Mother admired him as a perfectionist of his art: "He
\ndoes not produce in much abundance but the little he writes is flawlessly done."
\n(Enc. Br.; M.I., Jan.’79, p. 15) o 9:545
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlecker, <\/b> James Eiroy (1884-1915), English
\npoet and playwright. He was outstanding in his use of vivid images and varied
\nverse forms to evoke atmosphere and feeling. (Enc. Br.) a 26:339, 341-43 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFleet Street<\/b> centre of journalism in London, named after the Fleet River, now a sewer under Farrington Street. (Col. Enc.) a
\n1:365 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlemings<\/b> one of the two predominant cultural
\nand linguistic groups of modern Belgium (the other being the WALLOONS). The
\nFlemings speak dialects of Dutch known as Flemish, and live mainly in the north
\nand west. (Enc. Br.) a 15:417 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlemish<\/b> (language) of FLANDERS. Flemish is
\nthe name given by speakers of English to the Netherlandic language of Belgium.
\n(C.O.D.;Enc.Br.) n 15:417 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFletcher, <\/b> Justice one of the two judges of
\nCalcutta High Court who passed judgement in the Bloomfield Murder Case in 1907.
\nLater, in November 1910, Justice Fletcher along with Justice Holmwood, in his
\nseparate but concurring judgement, set aside the conviction and ordered the
\nrelease of Manmohan Ghose, printer of the Karma- yogin, <\/i> who had been
\nsentenced to 6 months’ rigorous imprisonment by the Chief Presi- dency
\nMagistrate for the publication of the "seditious" article "To My Countrymen"
\ncontributed to the paper by Sri Aurobindo on December 25, 1909. (A; Auro-II) 0
\n1:503-04, 512 XIX:38fn. <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlorence’<\/b> See<\/i> Nightingale, Florence <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlorence2<\/b> city and capital of Tuscany in
\ncentral Italy, at the southern foot of the Apennines. (Col. Enc.) a 3:480 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFlorimel<\/b> a name used by Sri Aurobindo in his
\npoem Songs to Myrtilla.<\/i> D 5:5 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFord, <\/b> Henry (1863-1947), American
\nindustrialist who revolutionized factory production with his assembly-line
\nmethods. (Enc. Br.) n 24:1248 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nForgael<\/b> a character in Yeats’ play The
\nShadowy Waters, <\/i> n 9:533 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFormosa an island in the Pacific Ocean, separated
\nfrom the mainland of South China by the Formosa Strait. Japan acquired it in
\n1895 by a treaty after the First <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-116<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nSino- Japanese War. <\/b> At the end of the hostilities in the Second World War (1945), Formosa
\nwas returned to China. Now known as Taiwan, it is the seat of the exiled
\n"Nationalist" Chinese government.
\n<\/b>(Col.
\n<\/b>Enc.) a 4:157 15:293 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFort William a fort named after King William III, built during the years 1696-1715 to give protection to the city of Calcutta. The
\noriginal site was later vacated and a new site, on the east bank of the River
\nHooghly, was chosen; here Fort William still stands. (D.I.H.; Guide) o 1:243 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFowler, Sir Henry Hartley (1830-1911), 1st Viscount
\nWolverhampton and an M.P. from 1880 to 1908. He became Secretary of State for
\nIndia in 1894, under Lord Rosebery, and continued in this office up to June
\n1895. He was made a peer in 1908. D 1:849 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFowler, F. G.<\/b> Frank George Fowler, who died
\nin 1918 as a result of war service. He was brother of H. W. Fowler. See also the
\nnext two entries. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.) n 26:319-20 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFowler, H. W. Henry Watson Fowler (1858-1933), English lexicographer and commentator on English usage and style. He and his
\nbrother collaborated on the abridg- ment of the Oxford English Dictionary<\/i>
\n(in one volume, 1911), and also on The King’s English<\/i> (1906). (Col. Enc.;
\nEnc. Br.) n 26:319-20 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFowler(s) H.<\/b> W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler. The
\nword "Fowler" has also been used for the abridgment of the Oxford English
\nDictionary (The Concise Oxford Dictionary)
\n<\/i>done by the Fowler brothers, o <\/b>26:321-22, 324-27 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrance<\/b> a country (and republic) of western
\nEurope, washed by the English Channel in the north, the Atlantic Ocean with the
\nBay of Biscay in the west, and the Mediterranean in the south. (Col. Enc.) Der:
\nFrench (in senses other than the language); <\/b> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n Frenchmen;<\/b> Frenchwoman<\/b> <\/font><\/p>\n

\nD 1:23, 30-32, 34, 37-39, 41-42, 48, 56, 261, 273, 349, 411, 435, 467, 507, 526, 604, 618.620, 648, 737, 758, 842, 898 2:
\n33-34, 48, 147, 164, 254, 342, 367, 376, 410 3:79, 96, 181, 224-25, 350, 355, 447, 454, 457, 459 4:152, 157, 167, 206, 212, 291, 306 5:173, 485, 505, 596 7:825, 827, 886, 1018, 1027, 1031 9:18, 46-47, 59-60, 62-63, 81, 87, 91, 100, 132, 134, 151, 192, 305, 405, 409, 414, 476, 480-81, 545, 560 10:553 12:474,
\n499 13:160 14:17, 57, 191, 214, 349, 367,
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n417 15:1, 25, 61, 264, 275, 288-91, 295, 297, 301,
\n303, 305, 310, 312, 316, 320-21, 324, 326-27, 348- 49, 353, 356-57, 360, 375, 380-81, 389, 410, 412, 415-17, 421-22, 428, 433, 444, 447, 467, 478, 480, 496, 500, 504-05, 510, 512, 515-17, 525, 617, 620, 640-42, 645, 651 16:82, 104, 322, 324 17:112, 117, 233, 244, 295, 298, 317-18, 377, 379-81, 384-85, 397, 403 22:185, 490 24:1570, 1577 25:
\n230, 360, 377 26:1, 3, 7, 17, 36, 38, 40, 66-67, 71, 394-95, 417-18 27:11, 280, 285, 424, 426, 442-43, 448-50, 453, 456-57, 466-67, 469, 471-72, 484, 500-01 I: 8, 16
\nII: 15 III: 27-28 IV: 169 VI: 196 X:186 XI11:50 XV: 61 XVII: 10, 42, 69 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrance, Anatole<\/b> pseudonym of Jacques Anatole
\nThibault (1844-1924), French writer, considered in his day the ideal Frenchman
\nof letters, a refined artist; an ironic, sceptical, and urbane critic, and a
\nhighly civilized man. He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for literature. (Enc.
\nBr.) a 9:545, 551, 557-59 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrancis Joseph<\/b> Francis Joseph I (1830-1916), emperor of Austria from 1848, and king of Hungary from 1867. He enjoyed one of
\nthe longest reigns of any monarch in European history and became the symbol of
\nAustrian unity. His policies antagonised the Russian empire, and in spite of his
\nattempts to pre- serve the peace, he issued an intransigent ultimatum to Serbia
\n(July 1914) that led to World War I. (Enc. Br.) (From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov.
\n1913-Oct. ’27] <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFrancis (ofAssisi), St. (11827-1226), one of the
\ngreatest of Christian saints, founder of a religious order called the
\nFranciscans. (Col. Enc.) D 3:454 12:12.31 14:48, 66 20:365 22:417 26:137 IX:42-43 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFranco<\/b> Francisco Franco (Bahamonde)
\n(1892-1975), Spanish general and dictator. He was the leader of the Nationalist
\nforces that overthrew the Spanish Democratic Republic in the Civil War
\n(1936-39), and was after 1936 head of the government of Spain. (Enc.Br.) n
\n15:478 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFranco-Belgian<\/b> concerning both France and
\nBelgium, a 15:417 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFranco-German<\/b> war usually called the
\nFranco-Prussian War (19 July 1870-10 May 1871). It marked the end of French
\nhege- mony in continental Europe and the foundation of the Prussian-dominated
\nGerman empire. The forty-year period between the Franco-German War and the
\nbeginning of World War I was marked by an extremely unstable peace between the
\nmajor powers of Europe. (Enc.Br.) a 15:467 <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-117<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nFrancois I<\/b> Francis I of France (1494-1547), a monarch who in his person and actions combined the romantic ideal of the
\nmedieval knight-king and the refined humanism and art of the Renaissance. As
\nking of France (1515-47), he profoundly altered the eco- nomic and social fabric
\nof the realm as it passed from the Middle Ages toward
\n<\/b>the
\n<\/b>modern era. (Enc. Br.) [From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27] <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrangistan<\/b> land of the FERINGHEES ; Europe, especially Portugal, o 7:574, 695 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrank<\/b> (member of) a West Germanic people
\nthat entered the Roman provinces in AD 253, occupied the Netherlands and most of
\nGaul, and established themselves along the Rhine. (Web.N.C.D.) a 1:526 5:506, 596
\n15:290 III: 29 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrankenstein<\/b> the hero of the book
\nFrankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus
\n<\/i>(1818), a horror tale by Mary Wollstonecroft Shelley. Frankenstein is a
\nyoung Swiss stu- dent who creates a monster which ultimately destroys him. The
\nname is often inaccurately used for the monster itself, or for any inven- tion
\nor creation which gets out of control or destroys its originator. (Enc. Br.;
\nCol. Enc.) a 1:51, 359 2:245 3:63 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFraser<\/b> (3:180) a misspelling of FRAZER. <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFraser, Sir Andrew Sir Andrew Henderson Leith
\nFraser (1848-1919), an Englishman in the Indian Civil Service from 1871. He was
\nLieutenant Governor of Bengal from November 1903 to November 1908. Early in 1903
\nFraser suggested the transfer of Dacca and Mymensingh districts and Chittagong
\ndivision from Bengal to Assam. This is thought to be "the real genesis of the
\npartition of Bengal" which took place in 1905. (In fact, Fraser had proposed a
\npartition even earlier, in February 1901, as Chief Commissioner of Central
\nProvinces, in which he hinted at the severance of Orissa from Bengal and its
\ntagging on to Central Provinces.) The fury of the people against him expressed
\nitself in the form of two attempts on his life, on 6 December 1907, when a bomb
\nwas thrown at his train, and on 7 November 1908, when he was made the target of
\nan attack. (I.F.F.; Purani; H.F.M.I.) a 1:258, 400, 408, 829 2:356 4:294 <\/b> 11:1 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrazer<\/b> Robert Watson Frazer (1854-1921), orientalist, teacher and librarian in the Madras Civil Service from 1877 to
\n1921. He is author of A Literary History of India<\/i><\/font>
\n<\/font><\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n(1898). (Enc.Ind.) a 3:180 ("Fraser" is a
\nmisspelling) 27:354 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFree Hindustan<\/b><\/i> a monthly journal
\npublished and managed by Tarak Nath Das. It was brought out from America, first
\nappearing in April 1908. The first regular Indian propa- ganda sheet in the
\nU.S.A., it won American, particularly Irish-American, sympathy and support. It
\nwas an imitation of the Indian Sociologist<\/i> in general get-up and also in
\nstyle, but was conducted with much less ability. The journal stopped publication
\nin 1910. (P.T.I. ;S.F.F.) a 2:385 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrench<\/b> for senses other than the language,
\nsee<\/i> France <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrench<\/b> (language) the official language of
\nFrance’s 48 million inhabitants, one of the two official languages of Belgium, and one of the three official languages of Switzerland. With French-speaking
\npeoples in many parts of the world, in Canada (Quebec and Ontario) and in
\ncountries belonging to the French Community, it may have a total of 80 million
\nspeakers. (Pears) a l: 195 3:79, 181 5:342 7:1022 9:19, 44, 46, 49, 58, 60-61, 87, 100, 106, 140, 147-48, 152, 181, 183, 196, 402, 405, 408-09, 421, 433, 454, 461-62, 467, 475, 479-81, 529-31, 545, 551 10:72, 571 14:191, 257 15:491 16:336
\n17:296, 397 23:703 24:1284, 1577, 1629 25:115, 279, 309, 368, 389, 400, 403
\n26:9, 67, 312-13, 320-21, 325, 327-28, 342-43, 366-67, 376 27:89, 456 29:780-81 1:16
\n11:15, 87 111:84-85 X:186 XIV: 163 XVII: 66, 73 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrench Academy<\/b> Academic Francaise, French
\nliterary academy established in 1634 and incorporated in 1635, and existing, except for an interruption during the era of the French Revolution, to the
\npresent day. Its membership is limited to forty and has included most of the
\ngreat names of French literature. Among the numerous European literary
\nacademies, it has consistently retained the highest prestige over the longest
\nperiod of time. (Enc. Br.) D 1:32 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrench Revolution<\/b> a European political
\nupheaval that began in France in 1789 and continued until 1815. Based on
\nliberal, democratic, and nationalist principles, it is considered the first of
\nmodern revolutions. By a series of wars, French rule was ex- tended throughout
\nmost of Europe and with it spread its liberal ideas, including popular
\nsovereignty and civil equality. (Enc. Br.) Der: French Revolutionists <\/b>
\nn l:
\n648, 758, 898 2:254, 410 3:350, 355, 454 4:151, 306 <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-118<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\n9:91 12:474, 499 13:160 15:1, 324, 412, 416, 422, 428, 478, 510, 515-17, 525, 642 16:322, 324 17:112, 117, 233, 377-81, 385 27:285 VI: 196
\nVIII: 129 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFreud, <\/b> Sigmund (1856-1939), founder of
\npsycho-analysis. His theories of mind had immense influence upon modern thought.
\n(Enc. Br.; Pears) n 24:1606 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFreya<\/b> (sometimes spelled Freyja) in Norse
\nmythology, the goddess of love and beauty, sister of Frey. (Web.) a
\n6:478, 502, 521, 535, 556 7: 887 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFriar Baltasar<\/b> a proposed character – a
\npedagogue – mentioned in the Dramatis Personae of Sri Aurobindo’s play The
\nMaid in the Mill.<\/i> n 7: 821 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nFriend of India<\/i> a journal started by the
\nSerampore missionaries in 1818. It struck a Christian and reforming note. Later
\non it was incorporated with the Statesman of
\n<\/i>Calcutta, a paper opposed to the Nationalists. Sri Aurobindo often used the
\nname "Friend of India" in ironic reference to the
\nStatesman.<\/i> (D.I.H.;A) a 1:172, 346-47, 354, 360-61, 435-36, 453, 543, 547, 550, 552, 561-63 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFrisian<\/b> of Friesland, the Frisian Islands, their people, or their language. The Frisian Islands are a chain of islands in
\nthe North Sea off the coast of the Netherlands and Germany. Although they form a
\nsingle physical feature, it is customary to subdivide them into the West, East, and North Frisian Islands. (Web.; Enc. Br.) n m:26 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFiihrer<\/b> German word for leader; it was under
\nthis title that Adolf Hitler ruled Nazi Germany. (Enc. Br.) a 15:193, 197, 356, 378, 506 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nPuller, Sir Bampfylde<\/b> Sir Joseph Bampfylde
\nFuller (1854-1935), in I.C.S. from 1875; <\/font><\/p>\n

\nChief Commissioner of Assam (1902-05); in October
\n1905, appointed the first lieutenant governor of the newly created province of
\nEast Bengal and Assam. Against the anti- partition agitation, he let loose
\nunbridled coercion in East Bengal, humiliating and insulting respected leaders, ruthlessly punishing teachers and students. He tried
\n<\/b>to
\n<\/b>rouse the Muslims against the movement. Loud demands were therefore made for
\nhis removal, and ultimately he resigned on 20 August 1906. He is the author of
\nStudies of Indian Life and Sentiment<\/i> (1910) and
\nEmpire of India<\/i> (1913). (A; H.F.M.I.) Der: Fullerian; Fullerism
\n<\/b>D 1:88, 99, 131-33, 135-36, 148, 150, 155, 158, <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\n164, 213, 218, 250, 269, 279, 322, 327, 373, 402, 482, 597-98, 600, 702 27:6-8, 22, 26 <\/b> II: 1-3 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nFuries; Fury<\/b> Roman name for the ERINNYES of
\nGreek mythology. (M.I.) D 5:404-05, 417, 420, 430, 435-36, 453, 456-57, 466, 477
\n6:340, 461 8:201 16:338, 356-57 28:85, 96 29:480, 591 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nThe Future Poetry<\/i> title of a book by
\nSri Aurobindo, originally published as a series of articles in Arya<\/i>
\nbetween December 1917 and July 1920. The Future Poetry<\/i> first came out in
\nbook-form in 1953. (I & G) a 9:303, 339, 354, 369, 542 26:276, 297, 332, 371 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nG<\/b> <\/a> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGabriel’<\/b> (Hebrew, "man of God"), an
\narchangel prominent in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam; depicted in the Bible
\nand the Koran as God’s messenger. In Christian art he is sometimes represented
\nas a human figure with long hair and multicolored wings and often holding a
\nsceptre or a lily. (Enc. Br.) a 1:435 7:639, 675, 697 X:113 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGabriel2<\/b> a proposed character – the Angel of
\nObeisance – mentioned in the Dramatis Personae of Sri Aurobindo’s play The
\nBirth of Sin.<\/i> a 7:901 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGades<\/b> the oldest extant urban settlement in
\nSpain, on a promontory south of the Baetis (Guadalquivir) estuary near the
\nPillars of Hercules (Strait of Gibraltar). It was a one- time rival of
\nPhoenicia, and its wealth was derived from trade. The Romans called it Gades;
\nits modern name is Cadiz. (M.I.) n 5:420, 422, 481, 505 6:380 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGadgil, M(ahadev) Balwant<\/b> one of the persons
\nwho received Sri Aurobindo at Nasik Road station on 24 January 1908. (A) n 1:1 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGaebele, <\/b> Jean Henri Frederic (1860-1936), Mayor of Pondicherry (1899 and 1908-28) and the most important figure, almost a
\ndictator, for more than 25 years up to c. 1929. He was president of the Chamber
\nof Commerce, the Chamber of Agriculture, Ie Conseil General, and the head of
\nmany other organizations; also a senator or member of the Upper House of France.
\nIn the 1914 election to the French Chamber, he was an active and strong
\nsupporter of BLUYSEN. In 1918 Gaebele opposed the British Government’s demand
\nfor the extradition of Sri Aurobindo. Gaebele had come from<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\n <\/font>Page-119<\/font>
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nFrance to Pondicherry in 1884 and died here <\/font><\/p>\n

\nin 1936. (A;Gaz.P.) <\/font><\/p>\n

\n1-1 27: 442, 444-45, 447, 449-50 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGaebele, Madame Mme Yvonne Robert Gaebele
\n(1888-1974?), wife of Robert Gaebele, Henri’s son. She was an accomplished and
\ncultured French lady belong- ing to an established family that had a large hand
\nin the making of Pondicherry. She was strongly attracted to the Mother and Sri
\nAurobindo, and was a frequent visitor to the Ashram. She used to teach French to
\nthe inmates. The lady was given a new name "Suvrata" by the Mother. She is the
\nauthor of several books including Histoire de Pondichery, <\/i> published in
\n1960. At that time she was Librarian and Archivist of Pondicherry, president
\nof the Commission for Historical Monuments, president of the History Society, laureate of the French Academy, and knight of the Legion of Honour. Mme Gaebele
\nleft for France in 1972 and died there probably in 1974. (B. G.; Histoire de
\nPondichery)<\/i> a VII: 83 XII: 156 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGaekwar (of Baroda) See<\/i> Sayaj irao Gaekwar.
\n(Gaekwar was the name of an Indian ruling family and the title of its head whose
\ncapital was at Baroda in Gujarat state. The Gaekwars were a leading power in the
\n18th-century Maratha Confederacy.) (Enc. Br.) Der: Gaekwari (of or belonging to
\nthe Gaekwar, XV: 71) D [Indexed with Sayajirao Gaekwar] <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGaelic<\/b> the Celtic languages spoken in
\nIreland and Highland Scotland. Generally the form spoken in Ireland is known as
\nIrish, and that in Scotland as Scottish or Scottish Gaelic. Gaelic may also be
\nused to include Manx. Erse is sometimes used as a synonym for Gaelic. (Col.
\nEnc.) a 15:290, 299, 306, 343, 390, 494 26: 290 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGalava<\/b> a character – a disciple of Bharat, preceptor of the arts in heaven – in the play
\nVikramorvasie. 0<\/i> 7:909, 951-52 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGalen<\/b> (129-c. 199), physician and writer
\nborn of Greek parents. He resided chiefly
\n<\/b>in
\nRome from c. 162. Galen founded experi- mental physiology and was one of the
\nmost distinguished physicians of antiquity. (Col. Enc.; Enc. Br.) a 17:127 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGalert<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s poem The Vigil
\nof Thaliard, <\/i> a brother of Thaliard. (A) 0 5:180 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGalilean<\/b> a native or resident of Galilee in
\nnorthern Palestine.<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\n

\nThe name is commonly applied to Jesus (and his
\ndisciples). (Enc. Am.) a 1:5, 714 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGalileo<\/b> Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), great
\nItalian astronomer, mathematician, and physicist, considered a founder of the
\nexperimental method. He was tried by the Inquisition and imprisoned for an
\nindefinite period for his beliefs and writings that held the sun to be the
\ncentral body and the earth a moving body revolving with the other planets around
\nit. He recanted, however, and was allowed to live in seclusion near Florence.
\n(Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.) n 12:6 14:67 15:165 16: 82, 101 17:193 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGallic<\/b> of the Gauls, Gaulish. (C.O.D.) Der:
\nGallicised a 3:<\/b>253 9:<\/b>87 14:<\/b>219 15: 290, 344. 417 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGallican<\/b> of the ancient church of Gaul or
\nFrance; (an adherent) of the school of French Roman Catholics following BOSSUET
\nand claiming partial autonomy. The Galli- cans held that the French monarch had
\nspecial rights in the Roman Catholic Church in France. (C.O.D.; Col. Enc.) a
\n15:353 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGallic, <\/b> Junius Annaeus (c. 5 BC-AD 65), Roman official, a man of easy-going temperament, who dismissed the charges
\nbrought by the Jews against the apostle Paul. The term has come to mean any
\nperson, especially official, refusing to meddle outside his province. (Enc. Br.;
\nC.O.D.) 0 26:152 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGallipoli<\/b> a city in European Turkey, a port
\nat the eastern end of the Dardenelles near the neck of the Gallipoli peninsula.
\n(Enc. Br.) a XXII: 133 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGallo-Lombard<\/b> "Gallo" is a combination- form
\nmeaning ‘French’. The Lombards were an ancient Germanic people who were settled
\nalong the lower Elbe in the 1st century AD. In 568 they invaded northern Italy
\nand established a kingdom there. (C.O.D.; Col. Enc.) a 1:525 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGanadasa<\/b> a character – a minister of acting, drama and opera, retained by Queen Dharinie – in
\nMdlavikagnimitram, <\/i> a
\nplay by Kalidasa, translated by Sri Aurobindo under the title Malavica and
\nthe King.<\/i> Var: <\/b> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n Gano- dasa<\/b> a 8:135, 138, 141-43, 147-54 X:116, 118, 121-23, 127-30, 132-39 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGanapati;<\/b> Ganesh(a) in Hindu religion. Lord
\nof the Ganas or troops of inferior deities, especially those attendant upon
\nShiva. He is a son of Shiva and Parvati and is considered <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\nPage-120<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nthe god of wisdom and a remover of obstacles;
\nhence he is invariably invoked at the beginning of important undertakings.
\nGanesh is represented as a short fat figure having the head of an elephant and a
\nprotuberant belly, and riding on a rat. He is the legendary scribe who wrote
\ndown the Mahabharata
\n<\/i>from Vyasa’s dictation. (Dow.; Enc. Br.) a 2:147 3:149 8:345 12:478 14:197
\n17:350 22: 392-93 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandeva; Gandeve<\/b> See<\/i> Gandiv(a) <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandhamadan<\/b> in Hindu mythology, a mountain
\nand forest in Ilavrta, the central region of the world which contains Mount
\nMeru. Gandhamadan forms the division between Ilavrta and Bhadrasva, to the east
\nof Meru. The forest of Gandhamadan is renowned for its fragrance. (Dow.) Var: <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGundhamadan<\/b> a 7:974.988 29:419 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandhara(s)<\/b> Gandhara was an ancient country
\nof the Indus Valley, embracing the modern Rawalpindi and Peshawar districts of
\nPakistan; its people were known as the Gandharas. The famous city ofTaxila was
\n<\/b>in
\n<\/b>Gandhara. After its conquest by Alexander the Great the region became a
\nmeeting place of Eastern and Western cultures and gave birth to a school of art
\nand sculpture that bears its name. (D.I.H.) Der:<\/font><\/p>\n

\n Gandharan
\n<\/b>d 3:191, 193 14:205-06, 232, 373 17:276. 303 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandharan Buddha<\/b> The Gandhara school of art
\ndrew upon the anthropomorphic tradi- tion of Roman religion and represented the
\nBuddha with a youthful Apollo-like face, dressed in garments resembling those
\nseen on Roman imperial statues. The Gandhara depiction of the seated Buddha was
\nless successful. The stupa at Gandhara is dis- tinctive for its more elaborate
\nornamenta- tion. (Enc. Br.) n 14:206, 232 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGandhari in the Mahabharata, <\/i> princess of
\nGandhara, wife of Dhritarashtra and mother of his hundred sons received as a
\nboon from Vyasa. Her husband was blind, so she always wore a bandage over her
\neyes to be like him. (Dow.) n 3:192 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGandharva(s) in the Veda, Lord of the hosts of
\ndelight; in later mythology, the Gandharvas are musicians of heaven, "beautiful, brave and melodious beings, the artists, musicians, poets and shining warriors
\nof heaven" (27:159).
\n<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\nGandharvas, Yakshas and Kinnaras are a particular class of
\nbeings "whose unifying characteristic is material ease, prosperity and a beautiful, happy and
\nundisturbed self-indulgence" (12: 409). (A) Var: Gundharva(s) a 3:146
\n5:212-13, 226, 253 6:230.265, 305 7:909, 922-23 8:343 10:340, 346 12:
\n263, 399.404, 407.409-10, 532 13:349 22:396 27: 152, 159 28:234 29:677 VI: 183.
\n186. 191-93 IX: 10
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\nGandharvi1 in Hindu mythology, a female musician
\nthat sings heavenward. (A) D 5:543 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandharvi2<\/b> in the Veda, a personified power
\nthat holds the rays of the Sun of Truth. \/ D 11:392.415 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGandhi, (Mahatma) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
\n(1869-1948), better known as Mahatma Gandhi from 1914-15, when he returned to
\nIndia after a stay of 20 years in South Africa, where he and his creed of
\nnon-violent civil disobedience had achieved their first great success. In India,
\nbecause of his dedicated service to the masses in the cause of their political
\nemancipation, the promotion of Hindu-Muslim unity, his all-out effort for
\nvillage uplift and removal of untouchability, he came to be known as the
\n"Father of the Indian Nation". (D.I.H.) DerGandhian a 4:224 9:555 17:362
\n22:22, 140, 413, 486-87, 490 23:556 26:35, 40-41, 47, 380, 406, 438 27:463, 479, 485, 490, 499 29:757 V: 100-01 VII: 4, 16 XVII: 69 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGandiv(a)<\/b> name of the bow of Arjuna, said
\nto have been given to him by the god Agni along with two inexhaustible quivers.
\n(Dow.) Var: Gandeva; Gandeve<\/b> D 1:67 4:71, 73, 78, 86, 89 5:320 8:31.78 13:54
\nVII: 49. 52 <\/font><\/p>\n

\nGanen Maharaj Ganen Tagore (18847-1941), a Bengali
\nassociated with the Ramakrishna Mission, which he first came in contact with in
\nhis boyhood. Later he worked in the Mission’s publication department and in the
\noffice of Udbodhan.<\/i> A few years before his death he resigned from the
\nMission. In 1909-10 Ganen Maharaj frequently visited the Karmayogin<\/i>
\npremises in Calcutta and acted as the link with Sister Nivedita. (S.B.C.; Remini.)
\nVar: Gonen Maharaj D 26: 56, 70 XVI: 193 <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGanesh(a)<\/b> See<\/i> Ganapati <\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nGanga the most sacred river of the Hindus, bearing
\nseveral names including Bhagirathie and Jahnavie. It rises in the Himalayas and
\nafter flowing for over 1500 miles falls into the Bay of Bengal. The Puranas
\nrepresent the Ganga as issuing from the toe of Vishnu, and as having been
\nbrought down from <\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

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