{"id":3570,"date":"2013-07-13T01:49:38","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:49:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=3570"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:49:38","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:49:38","slug":"11-glossary-and-index-page-94-to-107-vol-glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/02-other-editions\/glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works\/11-glossary-and-index-page-94-to-107-vol-glossary-and-index-of-proper-names-in-sri-aurobindos-works","title":{"rendered":"-11_Glossary and Index Page 94 to 107.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n\n
\n

532 <\/b>13:82, 84-85, 105, 110, 138, 328.330, 359, 448, 454-56, 458 14:288, 292 16:133, 276, 278 19:1022 21:713, 741 22:385, 387, 495
\n11:38.76-77 111:55 IV: 138, 150 VI: 170, 176, 183-87, 190, 192 XV: 5<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\nDevachan<\/b> in theosophy, "the dwelling of the
\ngods"; a state intermediate between two
\nearth-lives, into which the Ego enters after
\nthe separation from Kamarupa (the subjective form created through mental and
\nphysical desires and thoughts in connection
\nwith matter by all sentient beings, a form
\nwhich survives the death of their bodies), and after the disintegration of the lower
\nprinciples on earth. (T.G.) XIIL33<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevadatta<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> name of
\n<\/b>Arjun’s conch-shell. (M.N.) a 4:76 8:77<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevadatta; Harischandra<\/b> names of two
\nimaginary neighbours used by Sri Aurobindo
\nin his commentary on the Ishavasyopanishad,
\n<\/i>in the form of a dialogue between the Guru
\nand the Student. Devadatta is also the name
\nof an imaginary actor. (A) D 12:452-53, 464, 490 1:47-51 11:75<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevagiri<\/b> a major fortress and administrative
\ncentre in medieval India. Founded in the late
\n12th century, the city was capital of the king- dom of Yadava dynasty in the Deccan. It
\nwas situated in the upper valley of the Godavari River. Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq
\nrenamed it Daulatabad, and a village of this
\nname still exists in the Aurangabad district of
\nMaharashtra state. (Enc. Br.; D.I.H.)
\nn 3:215<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevajanma<\/b><\/i> a collection of eighteen essays
\nin Bengali by Nolini Kanta Gupta, first
\npublished in 1919. VII: 10. 23<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevaki<\/b> in Hindu mythology, wife of
\nVasudeva, and mother of Krishna. She was
\ndaughter of Ugrasena’s brother Devaka, and
\na cousin of Kansa. She gave birth to Krishna
\nin jail. (M.N.;Dow.) a 3:199 13:13
\n14:280 20:48 IV:168 VI:137, 155<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevala<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> a celebrated
\ndivine seer, son of a VASL) named Pratyusa.
\n(M.N.) a 13:344<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevanagari<\/b> also called Nagari, Indian script used
\nto write the Sanskrit, Prakrit, Hindi, and Marathi languages. (Enc. Br.)
\na 4: 252 14: 205 17: 393 27: 495 XVIII: 190<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevas<\/b> aVedicRishi. n 11:405<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevasangha<\/b> the name Sri Aurobindo in-
\ntended to give to a commune of those who
\naspired to a divine life. Around 1920 Sri
\nAurobindo had an idea of establishing such a
\ncommune (sangha)<\/i> with its branches spread
\nall over the country. (A) a 4:329, 331<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nDevashravas (Bharata)<\/b> a Vedic seer, a
\nprince, descendant of Bharata. a :<\/b> 146<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevasura<\/b> See<\/i> Deva and<\/i> Asura.<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevavata (Bharata)<\/b> a Vedic seer and prince, descendant of Bharata and father of
\nSrinjaya. a :<\/b> 146, 196<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevavrata<\/b> See<\/i> Bose, Debabrata<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevavrath<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> Bhisma’s
\nname in boyhood. He was the eighth son of
\nSantanu, a king of the Lunar dynasty, and Gangadevi. Devavrata was the heir-apparent
\nto the throne, but he gave up his right and took a solemn vow to remain a
\nbachelor for life to satisfy the condition for marriage laid down by a fisherman
\nwith whose daughter, Satyavati, King Santanu had fallen in love.
\nThe gods thereupon declared that Devavrata
\nwould henceforth be known by the name
\n"Bhisma" (terrible), on account of the rigour
\nofhisvow. (Pur. Enc.) 1:21<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevibhagavata<\/b><\/i> title of a Hindu scripture
\ndevoted to the worship of Shakti. The
\nShaivas venerate this book as one of the
\neighteen Puranas. (Dow.; Pur. Enc.) 17:267<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevi Chaudhurani<\/b><\/i> See Debi Chaudhurani<\/i><\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevon<\/b> a proposed character – son of Corineusmentioned in the Dramatis
\nPersonae of Sri Aurobindo’s play The House
\nof Brut.<\/i> a 7:883<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDevonshire<\/b> a maritime county in southwest
\nEngland, a 3:69<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDewangunj<\/b> a small town in eastern Bengal
\n(now in Bangladesh) on the banks of the ‘
\nBrahmaputra, about 50 miles northwest of Mymensingh. (S.Atlas) a 1:331<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDewas<\/b> formerly, the joint capital of Dewas
\nSenior and Dewas Junior, princely states that
\nmerged with Madhya Pradesh state of the
\nRepublic of India in 1956. Dewas is now a
\ntown and district that comprises the two
\nformer states and much additional territory.
\n(Enc. Br.) Q 26:351<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDey, <\/b> Mukul Mukul Chandra Dey, now
\n(1988) in his nineties, is a renowned artist.
\nA student of Abanindranath Tagore at
\nShantiniketan between 1905 and 1911 and
\nlater a member of the staff, he maintained
\nhis guru’s style with his own individual
\ntouches. In 1919 he came to Pondicherry, met Sri Aurobindo, and in three sittings on
\n20 and 21 April made portraits from three
\ndifferent angles. Afterwards he became
\nprincipal of the Calcutta School of Art. Mukul Dey was a Fullbright Scholar in the<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-94<\/font>
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

U.S.A. in 1953-54, and has been a visiting
\nprofessor at several universities abroad.
\n(The Heritage, <\/i> Aug. ’88, pp. 27-28; Purani;<\/font><\/p>\n

S.F.F.) a 17:321<\/font><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\nDhammapada<\/i> probably the best known book
\nin the Pali Buddhist canon and the most-
\nquoted in other Buddhist writings. It is an
\nanthology of basic Buddhist teachings
\n(primarily ethical teachings) in an easy aphoristic style. The Mother commented on this
\ntext in the weekly classes she gave to the
\nAshram School children from Aug. 1957 to
\nSept. 1958. (Enc.Br.) n 14:256 XVI: 132<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhananjaya; Dhanunjoy<\/b> "conqueror of
\nriches", a title especially of Arjuna, but also
\nof some others. Q [Indexed with Arjun(a)]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhanwantari in Hindu mythology, the
\nphysician of the gods. According to legend, the gods and the demons sought the elixir
\nAmrta, and, to obtain it churned the waters
\nof the milky ocean. As one of its results, Dhanvantari rose from the waters bearing
\na cup filled with the Amrta. The Ayurveda, a traditional Indian system of medicine
\ndeveloped from a text in the Atharva-veda,
\n<\/i>was, according to the legend, communicated
\nto Dhanvantari by Brahma, and Dhanvantari
\nwas deified as the god of medicine. (Enc.
\nBr.) Var: Dhunwuntari 3:278 X: 159<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhar, Bishnu Narayan<\/b> (1864-1916), one of
\nthe most prominent nationalist leaders of the
\nnorthern region (modern U.P.) in the early
\nyears of the Indian National Congress, who
\npresided over its Calcutta session of 1911.
\nHe was a lawyer by profession, and held
\nvery liberal views on religion and social <\/b>reform. (D.N.B.) D 27:36<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhar, Gurucharan<\/b> a pleader of Srinagar, whom Sri Aurobindo met during his stay
\n<\/b>in
\n<\/b>Kashmir in 1903. (A) o IV: 195<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharani<\/b> Dharani Nath Gupta, one of the
\ntwo Kaviraj brothers arrested at Harrison
\nRoad, Calcutta on 1 May 1908 and tried
\nin the Alipore Bomb Case. See also
\n<\/i>Nagendra(nath). (A) D 4:302-03<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharinie<\/b> a character – queen of Vidisha –
\n<\/b>Kalidasa’s play Mdlavikagnimitram.<\/i> (See
\nMalavica and the King.)<\/i> n 3: 231, 263, 274, 289 8:135, 138, 149-54 X: 116, 118, 130, 132-40, 156, 175-76<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharma’<\/b><\/i> a Bengali weekly of Calcutta
\n<\/b>edited
\n<\/b>by Sri Aurobindo from August 1909 to February 1910. Sri Aurobindo wrote most of
\nits articles and editorial comments himself.
\nThe last issue of the journal came out
\n<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\non March 28, 1910. (I & G) a 2:173, 317, 358, 413 4: pre., 173, 175, 178, 184, 187, 192, 195, 201, 205, 209, 212, 214, 217, 221, 223, 227, 231, 234, 237, 240, 243, 246-47, 249-50 26:34, 56, 60 27:117 XVI: 193 XVII: 69<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharma1<\/i><\/b> a small Tamil paper in the form of
\na little booklet brought out from Pondicherry
\naround 1911 by V.V.S. Aiyar. It was allowed
\nfree circulation in British India. (A; A & R, XVII: 107) a 27:501<\/font><\/p>\n

\nDharma o Jatiyata<\/i> "Religion and National-
\nism", title of a Bengali book by Sri Aurobindo
\nfirst published in 1920 by Prabartak Publish-
\ning House of Chandernagore. It contains
\nmost of the leading articles he wrote in his
\nweekly j ournal Dharma.<\/i> (A)
\nD 4: pre.<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharmatattwa<\/b><\/i> a book of essays by Bankim
\nChandra, in which the idea of a perfect and
\nmany-sided Karmayoga is sketched. Some
\nessays came out serially in the monthly
\nmagazine Navajeewan<\/i> edited by Akshaya
\nChandra Sarkar. These essays slightly
\nenlarged, together with a few others, were
\npublished by Bankim in book form in 1888
\nunder the title Dharmatattwa – Prathama
\nBhaga-Anushilan.<\/i> (A;B.R., II) 17:345-46<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhartarashtras; Dhartarashtrians<\/b> sons
\nof Dhrtarastra, often referred to as the
\nKauravas as opposed to the Pandavas.
\nD [Indexed with Kaurav(a)(s)j<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDharuna Angirasa a Vedic Rishi, descendant
\n<\/b>of Angiras. 11:227<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhatri<\/b> used here (17: 271) as an epithet
\nof the Hindu goddess Durga or Chandi, denoting her power of producing life and
\npreserving health. (Dow.) a 17:271<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhaum<\/b> more correctly, Dhaumya; in the
\nMahabharata, <\/i> a Rishi, younger brother of
\nDevala, and family priest of the Pandavas.
\n(Dow.; M.N.) Var:
\n<\/b>Dhowma
\n<\/b>n 8:28, 37<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDheds<\/b> a formerly untouchable caste among
\nthe Hindus of Gujarat. a XV: 68<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhingra, Madanlal<\/b> (c. 1883-1909), an Indian
\nrevolutionary, son of a rich and loyal land-
\nlord of Amritsar (Punjab). As a student of
\nengineering in London he regularly partici-
\npated in political discussions held at the
\nINDIA HOUSE. On 1 July 1909, he shot dead
\nLt. Col. Sir William Curzon-Wyllie, political
\naide-de-camp to the Secretary of State for
\nIndia at a gathering in London. For this act
\nMadanlal was condemned to death and
\nexecuted on 17 August 1909. (V.V.S., pp. 47-53) a 2:97.119 XV: 62-63<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-95<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nDhond<\/b> a place in or near Srinagar
\n<\/b>in
\n<\/b>Kashmir. (A) a iv: 193<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhoomraksha<\/b> See<\/i> Dhumraksha<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhowma<\/b> See<\/i> Dhaum<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhristadyoumna<\/b> in the Mahabharata,
\n<\/i>commander-in-chief of the Pandava armies.
\nHe was son of the Paiicala king Drupada, and brother of Draupadi. (Dow.)
\na 4:75, 77, 83 8:78<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhristaketou<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> king of
\nthe Kekayas and an ally of the Pandavas.
\n(Dow.) a 4:75 8:77<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhritarashtra<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> the eldest
\nson of Vicitra-virya, and brother of Pandu.
\nHe married Gandhari, and by her had a
\nhundred sons, the eldest of whom was
\nDuryodhana. Since Dhritarashtra was born
\nblind, and Pandu was afflicted with some
\ndisease, the two brothers in turn renounced
\nthe throne. The great war of the Mahabharata
\n<\/i>was fought over the succession between their
\nsons, the Kauravas and the Pandavas.
\n(Dow.) Var: Dhritarashtra Vaichitravirya D 3: 151, 169, 190-91. 194-95. 199. 208 4: 71, 75, 77, 80, 102 8:60, 77-79 13:13, 22, 186
\n22:425 27:83 IV: 116 VI: 155-56<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhritarashtrians<\/b> sons of Dhritarashtra. See
\n<\/i>Kaurav(a)(s)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhruv<\/b> in Hindu mythology (Vishnu Purana),
\n<\/i>son of King Uttanapada by his wife Suniti.
\nBeing contemptuously treated by his step-
\nmother Suruci, Dhruva left home while he
\nwas quite a child. At that tender age he went
\nthrough a rigorous course of austerities, and
\nat the end obtained the favour of Vishnu, who raised him to the skies as the pole-star.
\n(Dow.) 5:84 XIII: 44<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhulia<\/b> administrative headquarters of
\nDhulia district in the province of Bombay
\n(now Maharashtra state). (Enc. Br.) 1: 825, 838. 840-41. 850. 896-97<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhumraksha<\/b> in the Ramayana, <\/i>name of
\na Rakshasa who was slain by Hanuman.
\n(M.N.) Var:
\n<\/b>Dhoomraksha
\n<\/b>a 8:24 V:14-15<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhunwuntari<\/b> See<\/i> Dhanwantari<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDhyani<\/b> Buddha (a sculpture of) Buddha in
\nthe meditating posture; the term is used in
\nMahayana and Vajrayana (Tantric) Buddhism to denote a group of five Buddhas, usually identified as Vairocana. Aksobhya, Ratnasambhava, Amitabha and Amoghasiddhi. The term is commonly used in
\ndescribing groups of images composed of five
\nmeditating Buddhas – as on the terraces of
\nthe great monument at Borobudur (see<\/i> Boro
\nBudoor) in Java. (Enc. Br.) a 14:206<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nDiamond Harbour<\/b> a town in 24-Parganas
\ndistrict of Bengal (now West Bengal state), on both sides ofHajipur creek, a tributary of
\nthe Hooghly River. (Enc. Br.) 4:182<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDian<\/b>(a) in Roman religion, originally a
\nwoodland goddess, and special goddess
\nof women and children. She was also the
\ngoddess of the moon, which accounts for her
\nidentification later with the Greek moon-
\ngoddess Artemis. (Enc. Br.) a 5:4, 544
\n9:543<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDickens, <\/b> Charles (John Huffam) (1812-70), generally regarded as the greatest English
\nnovelist. Much of his work appeals to all
\nintellectual and social strata and retains its
\npopularity to the present. He is noted as one
\nof the most varied and imaginative comic
\nwriters in English. (Enc. Br.) a 9:62, 330, 544 26:233<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDickinson<\/b>, Lowes Prof. Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson
\n(1862-1932), British author. He was educated at King’s College, Cambridge, and
\nbecame a fellow there. He was interested in international relations, and generally
\nmaintained and propagated liberal opinions
\nin international affairs. (Col. Enc.)
\na 9:554, 556 14:10 22:150<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nLes Dieux ont soif<\/i><\/b> a French novel (1912) by
\nAnatole France. The English translation. The Gods are Athirst, <\/i> came out in 1913. (Enc.
\nBr.) a 9:557<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDike<\/b> in Greek mythology. Justice personified. (A&R, XV:87) D XV: 15<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDilip Kumar<\/b> See<\/i> Roy, Dilip Kumar<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDilsa<\/b> a place, probably imaginary, in
\nRajasthan. Var: <\/b> Delsa (a misspelling)
\na 7:741, 781<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDimbhuc<\/b> also known as Chitrasena (Chitrasane, the spelling used by Sri
\nAurobindo), one of two great warrior-
\nbrothers (the other being Hansa or Hamsa)
\nmentioned in the Mahabharata<\/i> as friends and
\nministers of Jarasandha. (M.N.) Var:<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDimbic (a misspelling)<\/b> a 8:40.42, 50.58<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDimitrius<\/b> Demetrius I Poliorcetes (336-283
\nBC), king of Macedonia. He was the son of
\nAlexander the Great’s general Antigonus I
\nMonophthalmus, in whose campaigns he
\ncommanded with distinction and whose
\nempire, based in Asia, he attempted to
\nrebuild. (Enc. Br.) a 24:1562 26:209<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDinajpur<\/b> administrative headquarters of
\nDinajpur district formerly in Rajshahi
\ndivision, Bengal, presently in Bangladesh.
\n(Enc.Br.) D 1:262, 366, 610 2:137 4:196<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDinanath, Lala<\/b> (c. 1878-? ), an Arya
\nSamajist of advanced views, belonging to
\nGujaranwala, Punjab. <\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-96<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nHe was editor of the
\nnationalist journal Hindustan.<\/i> In 1907, as
\nthe printer of India<\/i> (See India3)<\/i> he was
\nsentenced to two years’ imprisonment.
\n(P.T.I.; N.S.I., p. 18) a 1:433<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDindayal<\/b> Din Dayal Bose of 24-Parganas, a co-accused of Sri Aurobindo in the Alipore
\nBomb Case. He was acquitted by the Ses-
\nsions Court. (A.B.T.) D 4:264<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDinendra<\/b> See<\/i> Roy, Dinendra Kumar<\/font><\/p>\n

Dingaan also spelled "Dingane" (d. 1840), Zulu chief from 1828 to 1840. After
\ninstigating the murder of his half-brother, the
\ngreat Zulu chief Chaka, Dingaan ruled until
\ndeposed by his brother Mpande. (Enc.
\nBr.) n m:29<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDinshah<\/b> a character in the dialogue
\n"Dinshah-Perizade".
\n<\/b>The name is Persian. 3:475-76<\/font><\/p>\n

Diogenes (c. 412-323 ec), Greek philosopher, eccentric originator and archetype of
\nthe Cynics, a sect that stressed stoic self-
\nsufficiency and the rejection of luxury. He
\ntaught that the virtuous life is the simple
\nlife and dramatically discarded all social
\nconventions, taking up his abode in a tub.
\nHe is said to have thrown away his last
\nutensil, a cup, when he saw a peasant
\n<\/b>drink
\nfrom his hands. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.)
\nD 1: 142-43<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDiomede<\/b> a character –
\n<\/b>a slave-girl, servant
\nand playmate of Andromeda – in Sri
\nAurobindo’s play Perseus the Deliverer.
\n0<\/i> 6: 3, 11-14, 27-39, 42, 57-58, 64-65, 76-78, 80-81, 88-89, 93-95, 108-10, 113, 126-28, 130-31, 181, 185, 187<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDiomedes<\/b> in Greek legend, son of Tydeus
\nand Deipyle; he brought eighty Argive ships
\nto Troy and was one of the most respected
\nGreek leaders in the Trojan War. (M.I.;<\/font><\/p>\n

Enc. Br.) a 5:442-43, 459, 470, 478, 487-88, 506<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDionaean<\/b> in Greek mythology, an epithet of
\nAphrodite (daughter of Dione). (M.I.)
\na 5:501<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDione<\/b> in Greek religion, the cult partner
\nof Zeus of Dodona. She was probably the
\noriginal consort of Zeus, but was supplanted
\nby Hera. According to Homer she was the
\nmother of Aphrodite. (Enc. Br.; M.I.)
\nD 5:500<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDionysus<\/b> in Greek mythology, the god of
\nfertility and wine, also called Bacchus. He was intimately connected with the
\nMysteries, and was
\n<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\npatron of choral songs and the drama. Legends concerning him are profuse
\nand contradictory. (Enc. <\/b>Br.; Col. Enc.)
\nDer: Dionysiac; Dionysian n 11: 469 13:129
\n15:219 16:98, 336, 338-39 17:113 28:128.164, 344 29:625, 733, 754<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDioskouroi<\/b> Greek form of the term Dioscuri.
\nIn Greek and Roman religions, the twin
\nheroes, CASTOR AND POLLLIX, were together
\nreferred to as the Dioscuri. According to
\nHomer they were sons of Leda and King
\nTyndareus of Sparta, but some said that they
\nwere, like Helen, children of Leda and Zeus.
\nThey were noted for their rescue of Helen
\nfrom Aphidnae, for their part in the Caly-
\ndonian hunt and the expedition of the
\nArgonauts, and for their final battle with
\nanother pair of inseparable twins, their
\ncousins and rivals, Idas and Lynceus, sons
\nof Aphareus. Zeus decreed that the twins
\nshould spend their days alternately in the
\nunderworld and among the gods. He also
\nset their image among the stars as Gemini.
\nPoseidon gave them power over wind and
\nwave. In art each is represented as mounted
\non a magnificent white horse, carrying a
\nspear, and wearing an egg-shaped helmet
\ncrowned with a star. Compare "As(h)wins".
\n(Pears, H29; Web.)
\na 10:318<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDirce<\/b> in Greek legend, queen of Thebes, and wife of Lycus. Amphion and Zethus
\npunished her for her cruelty to their mother, Antilope, by tying her to the horns of a bull, as she had intended to do to Antilope. Dirce
\nwas turned into, or her bones were burnt
\nand thrown into, the spring which bore her
\nname. (O.C1.D.)
\na 5: 14. 608<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDirghatamas<\/b> (Auchathya) a Vedic Rishi, son
\nof Ucathya. It is said that he was born blind
\nbut obtained sight by worshipping Agni.
\n(Dow.) a 10:53-54, 130, 335-36 11:5-6, 75
\n14:267 16: 349<\/font><\/p>\n

\nDis in Roman mythology, the god of the
\nunderworld, equivalent to the Greek Pluto
\nor Hades (M.I.) a 5:495, 510-11<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDissenters<\/b> the same as NON-CONFORMISTS.
\n(Enc. Br.) 1:104-05<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDiti<\/b> in the Veda, mother of the Daityas, the
\npowers of Darkness. She is the goddess of or
\na personification of divided Consciousness, and is associated with Aditi and seems to be
\nher antithesis or complement. (A; Dow.)
\n0 10:126, 198-201, 224, 235, 383, 405, 421, 424, 459 11:168 XV: 38<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDitis<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s epic Ilion, <\/i> a sister
\nof Penthesilea, the queen of the Amazons.
\n(M.I.) D 5:460<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-97<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nDivina<\/b> Commedia<\/b>; Divine Comedy, <\/i>the
\ntitle of a long narrative poem (La Divina
\nCommedia)<\/i> written about 1310-14 by Dante, usually held to be one of the world’s greatest
\nworks of literature. "La Commedia" was the
\noriginal title, "Divina" was added by a later
\ngeneration. Divided into three major sections
\n– Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso – the
\nnarrative traces the imaginary journey of
\nDante from darkness and error to the revelation of the divine light culminating in the
\nBeatific Vision of God. (Enc. Br.)
\nQ 26:260 27:89, 92 29:798 1:7<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDivodasa<\/b> a pious liberal king mentioned
\nin the Rig-veda, <\/i> for whom, it is said, Indra
\ndemolished a hundred stone cities, meaning
\nperhaps the mythological aerial cities of
\n<\/b>SAMBARA. (Dow.) XVIII: 177<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDixit<\/b> surname of a Nationalist congressman
\nof Nagpur, and a prominent member of the
\nReception Committee for the Congress
\nSession of 1907. (A; Purani) 1:589<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDjakovica<\/b> a town in what is now Yugoslavia, near the Albanian border. 1-1 <\/b> XXII: 138<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDnieper Dam<\/b> dam at Zaporozhe, USSR, on
\n<\/b>the river Dnieper, one of the longest rivers
\nin Europe. The dam, known as Dneproges
\nDam and constructed in 1932, is a great
\nengineering feat. (Col. Enc.) a 9:381<\/font><\/p>\n

\nDniester a river rising in the Carpathians
\nin southwestern European USSR. It flows
\ngenerally southeast and empties through an
\nestuary into the Black Sea southwest of
\nOdessa. (Col. Enc.)
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

The Doctrine of Passive Resistance<\/i> a series of
\narticles first published in the daily Bande
\nMataram<\/i> under the general title of "New
\nThought" from August 11 to 23, 1907. It was
\nbrought out in book form in 1948. An addi-
\ntional article, "The Morality of Boycott", written for Bande Mataram<\/i> but not published
\nin it, was also included in the book.
\n(I&G) 1:83<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDodona<\/b> in Greek religion, a very ancient
\noracle, in the mountains of Epirus. It was
\nsacred to Zeus and Dione. Priests interpreted the words of the oracle from the
\nsound of a holy spring and from the wind in
\na sacred oak tree. (Col. Enc.) 5:490, 544<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDodsley, <\/b> Robert (1703-64), author, London
\nbookseller, publisher, playwright, and editor
\nwho was influential in mid-lSth century
\nliterary England and is associated with the
\npublication of works by Samuel Johnson, Alexander Pope, Thomas Grey, and Oliver
\nGoldsmith. (Enc. Br.) a <\/b> II: 18<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDogberry<\/b> a character – a constable – in
\nShakespeare’s comedy Much Ado about
\nNothing.<\/i> (Shakes.) a <\/font><\/p>\n

\n9:333<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\nDog Star<\/b> See<\/i> Sirius<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDolopes<\/b> ancient people on the borders
\nof Aetolia and Epirus, notorious for their
\ncruelty. They were reduced to vassalage by
\nthe Thessalians. An army of the Dolopes, led by Phoenix, fought at Troy on the side
\nof the Greeks. (M.I.) a 5:516<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDolores<\/i> <\/b>one of Swinburne’s early lyrical
\npoems, published in 1866 in the first series of his Poems and Ballads.<\/i> (Ox. Comp.)
\nD 9:395 26:265<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDom<\/b> a widespread and versatile caste of
\nscavengers, musicians, vagabonds, traders, and sometimes weavers, in North India and
\nthe Himalayas. Some scholars regard the
\ncaste as originating from an aboriginal tribe.
\nThe Doms are completely outside Brahminic
\ncontrol and have deities of their own. (Enc.
\nBr.) a 4:268<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDongurh<\/b> a place, apparently imaginary, in
\nRajasthan, India, near a forest. (A)
\nQ 7:741-42, 744-45, 750, 752-54, 756, 760, 770, 773, 775, 777, 780, 782, 784-85, 787, 789-90, 805, 807, 811<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDon Juan<\/b><\/i> acknowledged masterpiece of
\nByron (pub. 1819-24), an epic-satire combining his art as a storyteller, his lyricism, his
\ncynicism, and his detestation of convention.
\n(Col. Enc.) 9:118<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDonna Clara (Santa Cruz)<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s
\nplay The Maid in the Mill, <\/i> name of the
\nSpanish noblewoman with whom Ismenia
\nlodged. (A) a 7:840, 854, 857, 870<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDonne, <\/b> John (1572-1631), leading poet of
\nthe 17th-century English "Metaphysical
\nSchool" of poetry. He was a prominent
\nchurchman and preacher, being dean of St.
\nPaul’s. His poems and sermons, marked by
\npassion, wit, and profundity of thought have
\nreceived full publicity only in the present
\ncentury. (Enc. Br.; Pears) a 9:309, 453, 478 26:262 29:800<\/font><\/p>\n

Don Quixote hero of the novel Don Quixote
\n(de la Mancha)<\/i> by Cervantes Saavedra
\n(1547-1616), Spanish novelist, dramatist and
\npoet. Don Quixote, a country gentleman of
\nfantastic imagination who has read too many
\nchivalric romances, sets out on a series of<\/font> extravagantly chivalrous adventures accompanied by the peasant<\/font>
\n<\/b> Sancho Panza of
\nhardheaded practicality as his squire. (Col.
\nEnc.) a 9:549<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDoonya<\/b> a character – niece of Alfazzal Ibn
\nSawy – in Sri Aurobindo’s play The Viziers
\nof Bassora.<\/i> a 7:561, 586-93, 595-601, 603-12, 620, 624, 630-34, 670, 707, 715, 717-20, 732<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-98<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nDorian<\/b> The Dorians were the last of the
\nIndo-European invaders of Greece. They
\nsettled first in the Peloponnesus (a peninsula
\nforming the southern part of the mainland of
\nGreece), but rapidly extended to Crete and
\nspread colonies to Italy, Sicily, and Asia
\nMinor. Their full inrush came after the fall
\nof Troy. (Col. Enc.; M.I.) 5:17, 486, 491<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDorian Gray<\/b> the title character in Oscar
\nWilde’s novel The Picture of Dorian Gray.
\n<\/i>a 3:3<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDoric<\/b> a group of Greek dialects spoken
\nin ancient times in northwestern Greece, throughout most of the Peloponnese, and in
\nthe south Aegean as far east as Asia Minor.
\nIn much of this area Doric replaced other
\nGreek dialects after the Dorian invasions.
\nDoric was also spoken in Sicily at Syracuse, a Dorian colony. (Enc. Br.) n 17:296<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDoris<\/b> a character – a forest damsel –
\n<\/b>in
\n<\/b>Sri Aurobindo’s story "The Witch offline". n 7: 1057, 1081<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDoumergue, <\/b> Gaston (1863-1937), French
\npolitical figure whose term as the twelfth
\npresident of the Third Republic was marked
\nby nearly constant political instability. (Enc.
\nBr.) 27:444<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDraconian<\/b> Draco or Dracon (fl. c. 7th cent.
\nBe) was an Athenian lawgiver. Draconian
\nlaws (introduced c. 621 BC) were most note-
\nworthy for their harshness; they were said
\nto be written in blood, not ink. Death was
\nprescribed for almost all criminal offences.
\nHence the term "Draconian" has come to
\nmean rigorous, harsh, cruel. (Enc.Br.;<\/font><\/p>\n

C.O.D.) 2:249<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDraupadi<\/b>(e) in the Mahabharata, <\/i> daughter
\nof Drupada, king of Panchala. A damsel of
\ndark complexion but of great beauty, she
\nwas won by Arjun but eventually became the
\nwife of all the five Pandavas. Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother, after losing his
\nkingdom, his brothers and himself in a game
\nof dice with his cousins the Kauravas, offered as stakes Draupadi and lost her as
\nwell. She was brought to the court where the
\nKaurava prince Duhsasana tried to disgrace her by pulling at the end of her sari.
\nDraupadi pwyed to Lord Krishna for help and the cloth miraculously
\n<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\ncontinued to
\nextend so that she was never disrobed.
\n(Dow.) Var:
\n<\/b>Draupady;
\n<\/b>Droupadie
\n<\/b>a 2:399 3:150, 161-62, 175, 191, 207, 213
\n4:75, 77 7:773 8:28, 30, 59, 77-78 14:192
\n27:80 IV: 115 XV: 8<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDravidian<\/b>(s) Dravida is the older name for
\nthe modern Tamilnadu, i.e., part of South
\nIndia from near Madras in the north to Cape
\nComorin in the south. The Dravidians are
\nbelieved by some authorities to have in-
\nhabited the entirety of what is now India and
\nafterwards were driven out of North India by
\nthe Aryans. The Dravidians retained their
\npredominance in South India for long centuries and are still represented by the peoples who speak Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam
\nand Kanarese. But the story of an Aryan
\ninvasion is in fact a mere myth (see<\/i> Arya).
\n(D.I.H.) Der: Dravidic a 3:198, 214-15
\n4: 24 10: 1, 3, 24, 35-36, 44, 46, 99-100, 104, 120, 133-34, 139, 148, 166, 178, 187, 212, 215, 228, 233, 333, 353, 545, 553-54, 557-58 11: 2, 8, 471, 478, 503 12:54 14:218-19, 221, 223, 256 17:278, 298, 339 26:408, 410 27:165-66, 183, 280, 303 XIV: 120, 122, 139-40 XV: 17-18, 23
\nXVI: 136 XVII: 37, 41, 43, 45<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDreadnought<\/b> a type of twentieth-century
\nbattleship, greatly superior in tonnage and
\npower to all its predecessors. (C.O.D.)
\na 2:34<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDrewett<\/b>, Mr. and Mrs. The Rev. William H.
\nDrewett, Congregational minister of the
\nStockport Road Church (now known as the
\nOctagonal Church), Manchester, and his
\nwife. They acted as guardians for Sri
\nAurobindo and his two elder brothers at
\nManchester from 1879 to 1884. Sri
\nAurobindo was tutored at home by the
\nDrewetts. Mr. Drewett, an accomplished
\nLatin scholar (he had been a Senior Classic
\nat Oxford), grounded Aurobindo in that
\nlanguage very well, and also taught him
\nEnglish, history, etc. Mrs. Drewett taught
\nhim French, geography, and arithmetic.
\nWhen Drewett emigrated to Australia he left
\nthe three Ghose brothers in the charge of his
\nmother. (Purani, pp. 5, 7; A & R)
\nn 26: 1-2 IV: 198 XIV: 163<\/font>
\nDrina a river in Yugoslavia, originating with
\nthe confluence of the Tara and Piva rivers
\nand following a 215-mile course, mainly
\nnorthward, to enter the Sava. (Enc. Br.)
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font>
\nDrishadwati in Hindu mythology, a river
\nforming one of the boundaries of BRAHMA-
\nVARTA, perhaps the Kagar<\/font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-99<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nbefore its
\njunction with the Sarsuti (Saraswati). Drishadvati is mentioned in the Rig-veda.<\/i> along
\nwith the Saraswati and the Apaya, as the
\nscene of action of the Bharata princes. It is
\nsometimes identified with the modern
\nChitang(orChitrung). (Dow.;M.N.;<\/font><\/p>\n

V. Index) ll: 147<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDrona<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> Acharya or
\nteacher of military art to both the Kaurava
\nand the Pandava princes. In the great war
\nDrona sided with the former, and, succeeded
\nBhishma as commander-in-chief. He was
\nunfairly slain by Dhrstadyumna. Drona was
\nsonofBharadwaja. (Dow.) a 3:194-95
\n4:78, 83-84. 97, 102, 288 8:78, 80 13:55, 370<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDroupadie<\/b> See<\/i> Draupadi(e)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDruhyu<\/b> in the Vedas, a devotee of Indra, Agni, and the Ashwins. The name occurs
\nmany times in the Rig-veda, <\/i> in both the
\nsingular and the plural. (B.P.C.) a VI: 148<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDruids<\/b> priests and medical men of Celtic
\nBritain and Gaul and probably of all ancient
\nCeltic peoples everywhere. They constituted
\nan upper priestly class in command of a
\nhighly ritualistic religion. The Druids were
\nhighly educated and passed their learning
\nfrom one generation to another without
\nwriting it down. Knowledge about them is
\nobtainable chiefly from ancient Greek and
\nRoman accounts and from medieval Irish
\nliterature. Though Druidism was officially
\nexterminated by the Romans toward the end
\nof the 1st century AD, it was kept alive
\nunderground for a long time thereafter.
\n(Col. Enc.; Enc. Am.) Der:
\n<\/b>Druidic
\n<\/b>a 15:290 XIII: 23<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDrupad<\/b>(a) in the Mahabharata, <\/i> king of
\nPanchala. In the great war he was an ally of
\nthe Pandavas, his sons-in-law. He was killed
\nby Drona against whom he bore an old
\nanimosity. (Dow.) n 3:190.195.204-05, 207 4:75, 77 8:59, 77-78 IV: 115<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDrus<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s llion, <\/i> a Phthian
\nwarrior killed in battle by Valarus. (M.I.)
\nn 5:518 VI: 135<\/font><\/p>\n

Dryden, John (1631-1700), English poet, dramatist, translator, and critic. He
\ndominated the literature of the later 17th
\ncentury in English, a period sometimes
\nknown as "the age of Dryden". He is also
\noften considered the father of English
\ncriticism. (Enc. Br.) a 3:106, 156 9:51, 53, 74, 78, 80, 86-87, 113, 132, 161,
\n212, 246, 271,
\n274, 376-77, 387, 425, 472, 478-79 1:9, 12-13<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nD. Swami<\/b> S. Doraiswami Aiyar (1882-1976), a
\nhighly respected advocate and member of the Madras <\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\nbar who became a disciple of Sri
\nAurobindo. He retired from practice in 1938
\nand settled in Pondicherry as a full-time
\ndisciple.
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDublin<\/b> county, borough, seaport, and capital
\nof the Irish Republic and of County Dublin.
\n(Enc.Br.) 1:23 17:298<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDublin University<\/b> also known as "Trinity
\nCollege", oldest university in Ireland, founded in 1591 by Queen Elizabeth I and
\nendowed by the city of Dublin. It was
\nlimited to Anglicans for many years, but in
\n1873 all religious requirements were eliminated. It is presently a co-educational
\ninstitution. (Enc.Br.) a 11:19<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuce<\/b> chief; leader; title (II Duce) assumed
\nby Benito Mussolini, as Fascist head of Italy
\n(1922-43), (Web.) IS: 197<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuchess of Malfi<\/b> the chief character in
\na tragic play of the same name by John
\nWebster, first perfomed c. 1613 and first
\npublished in 1623. As a result of the
\nDuchess’s marriage to a commoner, she is
\nimprisoned by her brother and, after a long
\ntorture, put to death. (Enc. Br.)
\na 3:302<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDufferin, Countess of<\/b> Lady Harriet
\nGeorgiana Dufferin. wife of Lord Dufferin
\n(married in 1862). In India, as the vicereine, she established a national association for
\nsupplying modern gynaecological aid to the
\nwomen of India. The association started the
\nCountess of Dufferin Fund out of which the
\nLady Dufferin Hospital was later on
\nestablished in Calcutta. (D.I.H.)
\nD 27:114-16<\/font><\/p>\n

Dufferin, Lord Frederick Temple Hamilton-
\nTemple-Blackwood, 1st marquis of Dufferin
\nand Ava (1826-1902), British diplomat who
\nas the viceroy and governor general of India
\nfrom 1884 to 1888 placated the British com-
\nmunity, which had been antagonized by
\nRipon’s reforms. (Enc.Br.)
\na 1:395 27:3 III: 12<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDufresne<\/b> a character participating in "A
\nDialogue" (incomplete) written by Sri
\nAurobindo around 1891. (A & R) a 11:8<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuhsasana<\/b> in the Mahabharata, <\/i> one of the
\nhundred sons of Dhritarashtra. The Pandavas
\nhaving lost their wife Draupadi in gambling
\nwith Duryodhana, Duhsasana dragged her
\nforward by the hair and tried to strip her.<\/font><\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReacting to this outrage, Bhima took a vow<\/font> 
\nto kill him and he fulfilled the vow on the
\nsixteenth day of the great war. (Dow.)
\na 3:194<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-100<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nDukhabhisar<\/b><\/i> a Bengali poem by Rabindra-
\nnath Tagore, published in an issue of the
\nSuprabhat<\/i> that was reviewed by Sri
\nAurobindo. (A) n 3:430<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDukkhineswar<\/b> See<\/i> Dakshineshwar<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuma<\/b> in Russia, elected legislative body
\nthat, with the State Council, comprised the
\nimperial Russian legislature from 1906 to
\n1917. (Enc. Br.) <\/b> Der: Dumaist a 1:97, 175, 267 2:192, 374, 382<\/font><\/p>\n

Dumas, Alexander Alexandre (Davy de la
\nPailleterie) Dumas, also called Dumas Pere, (1802-70), French novelist and dramatist. He
\nwrote a number of historical novels including
\nThe Three Musketeers.<\/i> He was one of the
\nmost prolific and most popular of nineteenth-
\ncentury French authors. (Enc. Br.; Col.
\nEnc.) n 9:560<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuncan<\/b> a character – king of Scotland – in
\n<\/b>Shakespeare’s tragedy Macbeth, <\/i> modelled
\non the historical Duncan I (d. 1040), king of
\nScotland (1034-1040), who was murdered by
\nhis general Macbeth. (Shakes., Enc. Br.)
\nD 9:495<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDundac<\/b> or Dandakaranya, in the Ramayana,
\n<\/i>a forest lying mainly between the Godavari
\nand Narmada rivers. According to some pas-
\nsages of the Ramayana<\/i> it begins immediately
\nsouth of the Yamuna. The forest is the scene
\nof many of Rama and Sita’s adventures.
\n(Dow.) D 8:10, 20-21, 23<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDunkirk<\/b> seaport in northern France, on
\nthe Strait of Dover between Calais and the
\nBelgian frontier. In 1940 Dunkirk was the
\nscene of an evacuation of more than 300, 000
\nAllied troops, cut off from land retreat by
\nthe German break-through to the French
\nChannel ports. This evacuation was one of
\nthe most heroic and most memorable actions
\nin naval history. The Germans entered only
\nthe ruins of Dunkirk. (Enc. Br.; Col.
\nEnc.) D 26:39<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuntvaecar<\/b> Dantavakra, in the Maha-
\nbharata, <\/i> king of Karusa (see<\/i> Karoosh), born
\nof a demon. He was defeated in the battle by
\nSahadeva, the youngest of the Pandavas.
\n(M.N.) n 8:40<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDupleix<\/b> "S.S. Dupleix", name of the steam-
\nship by which Sri Aurobindo left Calcutta for
\nPondicherry on the morning of 1 April 1910
\nunder the name of J.N. Mitter (Jotindra
\nNath Mitter). (A & R, XVII: 119) 0 <\/b>26:37, 61 XVI: 194<\/font> <\/td>\n

\n

\nDupleix College<\/b> an educational institution of
\nChandernagore. Charu Chander Ray was a
\nprofessor in this college, and also its sub-
\ndirector. (P.T.I., p. 400) a 4:291<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurandhar, M. V.<\/b> (1871-1944), a celebrated
\nIndian artist of world fame, also author and
\npublisher of many books. (B.A.C.)
\nD 3:428<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurant, Will<\/b> William James Durant
\n(1885-1981), American author and lecturer
\nwhose books. The Story of Philosophy<\/i> (1926)
\nand The Story of Civilization<\/i> (in 10 volumes, 1935-67), established him as one of the best
\nknown writers of popular philosophy and
\nhistory. (Enc. Br.; The Hindu-10.1 {.81)
\n<\/i>n 9:485<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurazzo<\/b> Italian name of Durres, Serbo-
\nCroatian Drac, primary seaport of Albania
\nand capital of Durres district, lying on the
\nAdriatic coast, just west of Tirane. It was
\nheld by the Turks from 1501 until their
\ndefeat in the First Balkan War (1912-13)
\n(Enc. Br.) D <\/b>XXI: 4<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurga<\/b> also referred to as Chandi and Mahisha Mardini, in Hindu religion, the
\ngoddess who is the Energy of Shiva and the
\nconquering and protecting aspect of the
\nUniversal Mother. She is the slayer of many
\ndemons including Mahisasura. Durga is
\nusually depicted in painting and sculpture
\nriding a lion, and having eight or ten arms, each holding the special weapon of one or
\nanother of the gods who gave them to her
\nfor her battles with demons. (A; Enc. Br.)
\n0 1:61, 65, 287 4:1-3.154, 163 5:544 8:310, 313.339 11:3 12:474, 503, 508 13:42
\n14:137, 204.235, 320 17:262, 269 20:365
\n21:575 22:389-90 23:951 25:74-75, 96
\n29: 509. 561 I: 41 IV: 174 XV1I1: 190<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurgesh<\/b> Nandini<\/i> a Bengali novel, Bankim
\nChandra’s first notable Bengali work, written
\nin 1862-64 and published in 1865. It features
\na Rajput hero and a Bengali heroine. It is of
\nindifferent quality, but with it the Bengali
\nnovel was born. (Enc. Br.; B.R.-I) 3:91 27:352<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDurvasa<\/b> an Indian sage, son of Atri and
\nAnasuya. Thought to be an incarnation of
\nShiva, he was noted for his hot temper, and
\nmany fell or suffered under his curse.
\n(Dow.) D 26: 187-88<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDuryodhan(a)<\/b> in the Mahabharata.<\/i> the eldest
\nson of King Dhritarashtra. After the death of
\nPandu, who left behind five sons called the
\nPandavas, the succession to the throne of<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\nPage-101<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nHastinapur was disputed by Duryodhana.
\nThis culminated in the battle of Kurukshetra.
\nDuryodhana was the leader of the Kauravas, and was very jealous and deceitful. His
\nweapon was the mace or club, which was
\nalso the weapon of Bhima. Duryodhana took
\na special dislike to Bhima on account of his
\nskill in the use of this weapon. In the battle, in order to fulfil his vow, Bhima unfairly
\ndealt Duryodhana such a violent blow on
\nhis thigh that the bone was smashed and
\nDuryodhana fell wounded. (Dow.)
\na 3:151, 176, 178, 191-95, 203-04, 208 4:<\/font><\/p>\n

75-77, 82-84, 95-96 8: 60, 77 13: 160 14:292
\n26:398 27:80 <\/b> 111:6 IV: 116 VII: 51-53<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDus<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s llion, <\/i> a Trojan
\nwarrior. (M.I.) a 5:460<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDushyanta<\/b> a valiant Indian king of the
\nLunar race, descended from Puru. He was
\nhusband of Shakuntala, by whom he had a
\nson, Bharata (see<\/i> Bharata2). Dushyanta is
\nthe hero of Kalidasa’s play Abhijndna
\nSdkuntalam.<\/i> (Dow.)
\na 3:231 6:277 7:748 12:464 11:75<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDusk<\/b><\/i> title of a poem by Harindranath
\nChattopadhyay, published in his collection
\nThe Feast of Youth<\/i> that was reviewed by
\n<\/b>Sri
\nAurobindo in A\/ya. (A) a 17:306, 309<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDussaruth(a)<\/b> See<\/i> Dasarath(a)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutamby<\/b>‘ name of a young person of
\nPondicherry. a XXII: 174<\/font><\/p>\n

Dutch presently, (of) the people of Holland
\nor the Netherlands; historically, of Germany
\nincluding the Netherlands. (C.O.D.)
\nn 3:193 9:62 15:312<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt<\/b> See Dutt, Romesh (Chandra)<\/font> 
\nDutt, Aswini Kumar See<\/i> Dutt(a), Aswini
\n(Kumar)<\/font> Dutt, Bhupen(dranath) (1880-1961), Indian
\njournalist and writer, youngest brother of
\nSwami Vivekananda, and one of the associ-
\nates of Barindra Kumar Ghose. During the
\nsearch of the Yugantar<\/i> office, he, in a spirit
\nof bravado, declared himself the editor
\nalthough this was quite untrue. He was at
\nthe time only an obscure hand in the office
\nincapable of writing anything important.
\nBhupen was arrested and sentenced. He
\nserved his term and subsequently went to
\nAmerica. (D.N.B.; A; Auro-I) a 1:487, 490, 530, 548, 744, 857 26:41-42<\/font><\/p>\n

Dutt, Charu Chandra (1877-1952), member
\nof the I.C.S., appointed at first as magistrate
\nand then as judge in Bombay. Sri Aurobindo met him in 1904 and Dutt joined the revolutionary party. He had already, while in
\nEngland
\n<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\nduring the period 1896-99, estab-
\nlished contact with the Irish revolutionaries, and was a member of a group of Indians who
\nhad pledged themselves to work secretly for
\nthe liberation of their country. He continued
\nhis secret activities even after joining the
\nIndian Civil Service. In 1906 he helped to
\nreorganize Bande Mataram<\/i> and form a
\njoint-stock company for the paper. He was
\nimplicated in the Manicktolla Bomb Case, but no charges were brought against him.
\nAfter retiring in 1925 he stayed for some
\ntime at Santiniketan, and in 1940 joined the
\nSri Aurobindo Ashram, where he used to
\ngive lessons to the children in his room.
\n(Purani; A & R; M.I., June ’79; S.B.C.;<\/font> B.P.P., p. 47)
\nD 26:56, 60 XVI: 193<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, Hirendranath<\/b> (1868-1942), a solicitor
\nwho worked in the political and economic
\nfields for the cultural and educational
\nregeneration of India. He supported the
\nanti-partition agitation in 1905. (D.N.B.;<\/font><\/p>\n

\nH.F.M.I.) a 2:230 4:260<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, K. B.<\/b> a barrister and later a Congress
\nleader of Midnapore, Bengal, representing
\n"the most lukewarm element" in the Moder-
\nate party. He was elected president by the
\nModerates for a conference to be held at
\nMidnapore in December 1907, but he was
\nnot allowed to address the conference. The
\nNationalists convened a separate meeting on
\nthe following day which was presided over by
\nSri Aurobindo. (Purani; A; A.B.T., p. 92)
\na 1:634-36, 640-41, 643 2:305<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, Kshitish<\/b> Kshitish Chandra Dutt, a
\ndisciple of Sri Aurobindo. He was one of the
\ntwenty-four persons present on Siddhi Day
\n(24 November 1926). (Purani, p. 217)
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, Manmatha<\/b> Nath editor of an English
\ntranslation of the Mahabharata.<\/i> (A)
\na 3:170<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, <\/b> (Michael) <\/b> Madhusudan (1824-73), Bengali poet and dramatist, the first great
\npoet of modern Bengali literature. A
\ndynamic, erratic person, he was a genius of a
\nhigh order. Meghanddavadha-kdvya<\/i> is his
\nmagnum opus. (Enc. Br.; Gaz.-II) Var:<\/font><\/p>\n

Madhousudan a 3:76, 78-79, 90, 95-97, 101-02 4:pre. 5:27 9:307-08, 543-44
\n22:413 26:11 VI: 140-41, 143 XIII: 53<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, Okhay<\/b> Kumar (1821-86), Indian
\njournalist, social reformer, and educationist.
\nHe was a pioneer of Bengali prose. (Enc.
\nInd.) a 3:78, 95-96<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\n Page-102<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nDutt, Romesh (Chandra)<\/b> (1848-1909), a
\nmember of the I.C.S. from 1871 to 1897. He promoted social reform and, after retirement, took a prominent part in the
\nIndian national movement. In 1899 he was
\nelected president of the Congress session
\nheld at Lucknow. R. C. Dutt served Baroda
\nState as revenue minister from 1904 to 1906, and became prime minister of that state in
\n1909. Engaged in manifold administrative
\nand other activities, he also found time and
\nenergy for literary pursuits. He wrote
\n<\/b>in <\/b>Bengali a series of historical and social
\nnovels and translated the Rig-veda<\/i> into
\nBengali and the Ramayana<\/i> and the Mahabharata<\/i> into English verse. Sri Aurobindo
\nconsidered all his work, with the exception
\nof the historical novels, successful journalism
\nrather than literature. Nevertheless, he
\nconsidered Dutt a gigantic worker who did
\nan immense amount of pioneer spadework.
\n(Enc. Ind.; D.I.H.; Wolpert, p. 259; A)
\nVar: <\/b> Ramesh Chandra Dutt; Romesh Chandra
\nDutta; Dutt D 1: 190, 199, 388, 415, 627, 705-06, 755 4:43, 226 9:453 17:367-70 23:527
\n26: 128 27: 17, 33. 437, 440 XIII: 62 XIV: 127<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt, Toru<\/b> (1856-77), an Indian poet, "an
\naccomplished verse-builder with a delicate talent and some outbreaks of genius"
\n(9: 453). Her translations of the Romantic
\npoets won high critical acclaim. In her short
\nlife of only 21 years she also wrote novels in
\nFrench, and learnt Greek. (Enc. Am.; A)
\na 3:79 9:453-54<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutta<\/b> name given by Sri Aurobindo and the
\nMother to Dorothy Hodgson (1884-1948), an
\nEnglishwoman who, after being the Mother’s
\ncompanion in France and Japan (1915-20), became their disciple in Pondicherry. She
\nstayed in the Ashram till the end of her life.
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutt(a), Aswini (Kumar) (1856-1923), the
\nmost revered Nationalist leader of Barisal, a
\ndistrict of Bengal (now in Bangladesh). He
\nwas universally respected for his high moral
\ncharacter. He started an association called
\nthe "Little Brothers of the Poor". He was
\nproprietor ofBrajamohan Institute (College and School), and also, for some time, professor of English literature and of law.
\n(D.N.B.;A;P.T.I.) Var: Aswin Dutta; AshwiniBabu a 1:329, 609 2:45-47, 57-58, 60, 62-63, 76-77, 88-89, 91, 96, 154, 281, 343
\n4: 229 27: 36 VIII: 124<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDutta, Romesh Chandra<\/b> See<\/i> Dutt, Romesh
\n(Chandra)
\n<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDvija<\/b> See<\/i> Brahmin
\nDvipantara The reference is to the Andamans, a group of islands in the Bay of Bengal where
\na prison colony was maintained for those sentenced to transportation
\nfor life. a 4:289<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nDwaipayan<\/b> See<\/i> Vyas(a)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwapara<\/b> (Yuga) in the Indian astronomical
\nreckoning devised by the Hindus, the third of the four Yugas (ages), traditionally said to last for 864, 000 years. In this Yuga righteousness is diminished by half. Vishnu
\nmanifested in the Dwapara Yuga as Krishna, his eighth incarnation. (Dow.) n 3:453
\n4:67-68, 85, 95 11:448-49 , .451-52 15:118<\/font><\/p>\n

16:412 27:363 11:35, 37-38 111:56 V:96
\nVI: 155-56 VIII: 191, 193 XIV: 119<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwar(a)ka<\/b> one of the seven sacred cities
\nof India and the main place of Hindu
\npilgrimage in the west of the country.
\nDwaraka was Krishna’s capital in Gujarat, founded after his flight from Mathura. It is
\nsaid to have been submerged by the ocean
\nseven days after his passing away. The
\npresent Dwarka is a town in Jamnagar
\ndistrict of western Gujarat. It was once part
\nof the former princely state of Baroda.
\n(Dow.; Enc. Br.) Var: Dwar(a)ca 1:596 5:84, 226 8:30, 38, 44, 406 23:676
\n26:130, 136, 188 27:116 1:22<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwarbhanga<\/b> Maharaja of DARBHANGA.
\nDwarbhanga is perhaps the original form of
\nDarbhanga.
\nn 4:223<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwarkadas, Lala<\/b> a respected leader of
\nPunjab in the early 20th century. (A)
\nD 4:179<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwayawins<\/b> a category of the "dualisers", "those powers who divide all the energies
\n(in the universe) into acceptable and un-
\nacceptable, friends and hostile, accept some
\nand repel others".
\n[From "Record of Yoga" MSS Nov. 1913-Oct. ’27]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwita<\/b> the god or Rishi of the second plane
\nof the human ascent, that of the Life-Force.
\n(A) D 10:403-04, 417 11:242<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwita Mriktawahas<\/b> a Vedic
\n<\/b>Rishi,
\ndescendant of Atri. a 11:230<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDwypaian<\/b> See<\/i> Vyas(a)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyau(s); Dyauh; Dyuloka<\/b> 1. Heaven; the
\nhighest of the three cosmic regions spoken
\nof by the Rishis; 2. the plane of the pure
\nmental consciousness, of which Swar, the
\nluminous mind, is the summit; 3. name of a
\nmasculine deity in the Vedas, occasionally
\ncalled "Dyau-pitri" (heavenly father), the<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\n Page-103<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nearth being regarded as the mother. He is
\nthe father of Usha, the Dawn. (A; Dow.) 10:42, 55, 113-14, 171, 275, 316-17, 345
\n11:3, 24 11:76-77 XV: 25 XVII: 46<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyaushpita<\/b> in the Vedas, king of the
\nheavens. (A) a 10:195, 448<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyer, <\/b> John (1699-1757), a Welshman chiefly
\nremembered as the author of Grongar Hill
\n<\/i>(1726), a short descriptive and meditative
\npoem in which the countryside is portrayed
\nlargely in terms of classical landscape. (Enc.
\nBr.;0x. Comp.) 11:11-12, 16<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyrrhachium<\/b> the modern Durres or
\nDURAZZO, in Albania. In 48 BC there was a
\ntemporary reversal in Julius Caesar’s march
\nagainst Pompey near Dyrrhachium, which
\ndealt a severe blow to Caesar’s prestige.
\n(Enc. Br.) n V:63<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyuloka<\/b> See<\/i> Dyau(s)<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nDyumat(h)sena<\/b> literally<\/b>, "Lord of the
\nShining Hosts", in the tale of Satyavan and
\nSavitri as narrated in the Mahabharata<\/i> he is
\nthe father of Satyavan. Symbolically, he
\nrepresents "the Divine Mind here fallen
\nblind, losing its celestial kingdom of
\nvision". (A) a 8:16 26:265 27:511
\n29:403, 424, 722<\/font><\/p>\n

\nDyumna Vishwacharshani<\/b> a Vedic Rishi, descendant of Atri. (Jn) a 11:235<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\n
\nE<\/font><\/b><\/font>
\n<\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEast, the; the Orient<\/b> the eastern part of the
\nEurasian landmass, especially Asia and the
\nnearby islands; countries east of the Mediterranean and southern Europe. (The
\nterm "Orient" is sometimes used to denote
\nthe Far East.) (Web.; C.O.D.) Der:<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEastern; Easterners; Oriental; Orientalist
\n<\/b>a 1:<\/b>41, 48, 68, 156, 261, 365, 388, 426, 460, 466, 468, 487, 527-28, 576, 619, 625-26, 713, 757, 768, 770, 800, 8142:29, 209, 217-18,
\n258, 381, 402, 411 3:10, 101, 113, 286, 425, 447-48
\n4:25, 154-55, 165-68, 187, 227 5:176-77, 400, 403, 414, 419, 455, 461, 466, 476, 480, 485, 518 6:28, 412, 432 7:598, 712, 742, 1024 9:97, 99.110, 118, 253, 285, 443, 455-56, 536 12:
\n54-55, 486, 503
\n13:28, 141, 495 14:15, 17-8, 23, 37, 50, 54, 66, 77, 8183, 191, 211, 229, 233,
\n367, 376, 392, 431
\n15:2, 11-12, 14, 19, 22, 30, 33, 123, 166, 250, 295-96, 302, 346, 356, 430, 446, 480, 566 16:126, 220, 241, 309-13, 322-27.330, 366, 407 17:169, 180, 182, 193, 195, 274-76, 279, 300, 313-16, 324, 367, 370-71, 400, 404 18:21 19:876, 879-80, 1051 20:18, 367, <\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\n428, 434 22:132, 159-60 23:555-56, 558-59, 767 24:1236 25:228
\n26:413-16 27:149, 285, 355, 419 111:1, 26
\nIV: 161-63 VIII: 173-74 IX: 31 X: 113, 174
\nXIII: 26-27, 40-41, 50 XV: 24 XVI: 138, 182, 184, 186 XVII: 10-11, 66 XVIII: 150, 157, 160<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEast Bengal and Assam<\/b> name of a province
\nof India between 1905 and 1911, created as
\na consequence of the partition of Bengal.
\nFifteen districts of eastern Bengal were separated and linked with Assam to form the
\nnew province. (Enc. Br.) a 27:8, 26<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEaster<\/b> the annual Christian festival in
\ncommemoration of the resurrection of
\nChrist, the English name being derived from Eostre, goddess of Spring. It is a movable
\nfeast, the date of which cannot fall earlier
\nthan March 22 nor later than April 25. After
\nmany disputes among the early Christians, it
\nwas eventually ruled at the Council of Nicaea
\nin AD 325 that Easter Day should be the first
\nSunday after the full moon on or following
\nthe vernal equinox (March 21). If this hap-
\npens to be a Sunday, Easter Day is the
\nSunday after. (Pears, p. L35) n 1:702<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEastern Lights<\/i><\/b> title of a book (1935) by
\nMahendra Sircar. It is a brief account of
\nsome phases of life, thought and mysticism
\nin India, a 26:383<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEast India Charter<\/b> a royal charter issued on
\nDecember 31, 1600 under the name of the
\nGovernor and Company of Merchants of
\nLondon trading with the East Indies, incorporating the British East India Company as a
\ncommercial organization. (Enc. Br.) a 1:464<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nE.B.S.R.<\/b> Eastern Bengal State Railway.
\n(A &R, XI: 110) D 2:365.370<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEcbatana<\/b> now officially named Hamadan, a city beautifully situated at the foot of
\nMt. Elvend (or Alvand) and northeast of
\nBehistun, in west-central Iran. It has had
\nmany names; the Greeks called it Ecbatana.
\nIt was one of the Median capitals under
\nCyrus II the Great (d. 529 BC), and later the
\nsummer residence of Achaemeriid and
\nParthian kings. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.)
\n(3 6:380, 384, 400<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEchemus<\/b> in Sri Aurobindo’s Ilion, <\/i> a Hellene
\nwarrior, son of Aetes. (M.I.) D 5:518-19
\nVI:135<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEddington, <\/b> Sir Arthur Stanley (1882-1944), British astronomer, physicist and mathematician. He was a pioneer in the fields
\nof relativity, cosmology, and the internal constitution of the stars. He was also a writer
\non science and the philosophy of science.
\n(Enc.Br.) 22:205-06 26:385-87<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\n Page-104<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nEden<\/b> Garden of Eden<\/b>, in Genesis, the
\nBiblical earthly paradise inhabited by the
\nfirst created man and woman, Adam and
\nEve, prior to their disobedience of the
\ncommandments of God. (Enc. Br.)
\na 1:466 3: 33 5:28, 198, 200, 203, 208, 253, 532, 536, 547, 549 7:748, 806, 868, 913, 917, 935, 1002 17:137, 144, 148 26:352 28:127, 234 29:604 VI: 195 <\/b> XII:<\/b> 185 XVIII: 128<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEden Garden<\/b> a public garden in Calcutta, laid out in 1835 by Mrs. Eden, sister of Lord
\nAuckland, the then Governor General of
\nIndia. It was the principal gathering place for
\nthe people of Calcutta in the evening.
\n(Guide) n 3:85<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdinburg<\/b> historical capital and cultural
\ncentre of Scotland, and one of the more
\ndistinctive of North European cities. It lies
\nclose to the southern shore of the Firth of
\nForth. Until 1975 Edinburgh was an
\nindependent borough or county of a city.
\nThe University of Edinburgh (founded in
\n1583) is particularly noted for its schools of
\nmedicine and law. (Enc. Br.)
\nn 2:195 4:82<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdison, <\/b> Thomas Alva (1847-1931), American
\ninventor and a genius of technology. He held
\nover a thousand U.S. and foreign patents, including those on the incandescent electric
\nlamp, phonograph, and motion-picture
\nprojector. (Enc. Br.) 12:42 24:1235<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdith<\/b> name of the woman (probably
\nimaginary) addressed in Sri Aurobindo’s
\npoem Night by the Sea<\/i> 5:16, 18<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdur1<\/b> in Prince of Edur, <\/i> the capital of Rana
\nCurran; it is probably drawn after Idar, a
\ntown in Sabarkantha district, Gujarat, about
\nfifty kilometres from its border with Rajasthan. (S.Atlas) d 7:739, 741, 743, 745, 747-48, 756, 758, 763-64, 766, 771-75, 777-78, 781-82, 787, 790-91, 800, 806, 809, 812, 815<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdur2<\/b> a character – Prince of Edur and
\nRana Curran of the Rathor clan – in Sri
\nAurobindo’s drama Prince of Edur.
\n0 1:<\/i>745, 756-57, 777, 780, 801, 813<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdward, Sir<\/b> See<\/i> Baker, Sir Edward<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdward II<\/b><\/i> a historical play (c. 1592)
\n<\/b>by
\nMarlowe. Edward II was king of England
\nfrom 1307 to 1327. (Col. Enc.) a 3:186<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdward IV<\/b> (1442-83), collateral descendant
\nof Edward III and king of England from
\n1461 to 1470 and
\n<\/font><\/td>\n

\n

\nfrom 1471 to 1483. He spent the period 1470-71 in
\nexile. He was an able but dissolute Yorkist leader whose reign
\nbrought about a revival in the power of the
\nmonarchy, in English sea power, and in foreign trade. (Col. Enc.; Pears) D 4:99
\n15:357<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdward VII<\/b> (1841-1910), King of Great
\nBritain and Ireland and Emperor of India
\nfrom 1901 to 1910. He was an immensely
\npopular sovereign, best remembered as
\nan affable man of fashion, a leader in the
\nBritish sporting world and a free-lance
\ndiplomat throughout Europe and elsewhere.
\nHe gave his name to the Edwardian period
\nin dress and English literature. (Enc. Br.)
\na 1:159<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEdwardian<\/b> the Edwardian Age of English
\nliterature, the period 1901-14, so called after King EDWARD VII. It was
\npredominantly an age of prose. In poetry it was an age of endings and beginnings, Victorianism lingering
\non and the reaction to it appearing in the
\nwork of men like Kipling, A.E., and Yeats.
\n(H.L.) D 9:346-47.<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEgypt<\/b> 1. a modern country (called United
\nArab Republic of Egypt) occupying the
\nnortheast corner of Africa and the Sinai
\npeninsula of southwest Asia (Sinai is
\npresently held by Israeli forces); its capital
\nis Cairo. 2. an ancient country situated
\nin the same region. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.)
\nDer: Egyptian(s) 1: 135, 242, 261, 267, 297, 305, 391, 413, 598, 602, 605, 721-22, 863, 881 2:35, 217, 406-07 3:186, 227 4:143, 252 5:350 6:15, 46, 333, 339-40, 344, 348, 351, 359, 361, 366, 368, 375, 385-87, 391, 403-04, 409, 419, 424, 427, 430, 435-36, 438, 440, 443, 451-52, 469 7:665-66 9:170, 316
\n<\/b>10:23, 30, 147, 439, 445 11:4, 468 12:521 14:25, 190, 228-29, 233, 367, 392, 402 15:46, 298, 313, 342, 346, 447, 498, 502, 505-06, 644 16:309, 339, 406 17:195, 303, 387 19: 876, 1051 20:428
\n22:1, 103, 393, 489 26: 316, 395, 433, 467
\n27:280 V: 95 XIII: 44, 50 XV: 17 XVI: 186
\nXVII: 48 XIX: 24<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEgyptian<\/b> (language) extinct language of the
\nNile valley. It belongs to the Hamito-Semitic
\nlanguage family. The history of the language
\ndates from before 3000 BC to at least the
\n17th century AD. Egyptian was originally
\nwritten in hieroglyphs. Coptic, the last form
\nof the Egyptian language, was written in a
\nGreek alphabet modified by the addition of
\nseven characters from the demotic script.
\n(Enc.Br.) D 26:234<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEgypto-Chaldean<\/b> of the Egyptian and
\nChaldean civilisations, a 10:25<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEight Upanishads<\/i><\/b> a compilation of texts
\nand translations by Sri Aurobindo of eight
\nUpanishads: Isha, Kena, Katha, Mundaka, Mandukya, Prashna, Taittiriya, and
\nAitareya. They are preceded by an essay
\n"On Translating the Upanishads". (I & G)
\nD 22:210<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\n Page-105<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nEinstein, <\/b> Albert (1879-1955), American
\n(born in Germany of Jewish paients, became
\nan American citizen in 1940) theoretical
\nphysicist, best known for the formulation of
\nthe relativity theory. He was one of the most
\ncreative intellects in human history, and was
\nawarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for physics for
\nhis photoelectric law and work on theoretical
\nphysics. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.) Der: Einsteinian 6:2 14:199 <\/b>16:<\/b>82 22:202, 210 24:1248-49 26:386<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEire<\/b> Irish (Gaelic) equivalent of Ireland.
\nD [Indexed with Ireland]<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElburz<\/b> major mountain range in northern
\nIran, south of the Caspian Sea. (Enc. Br.)
\na 7:579<\/font><\/p>\n

Eldorado El Dorado, fictitious country or
\ncity abounding in gold. (C.O.D.) a 28:46<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElegy<\/b> (An) Elegy (Written) in a Country
\nChurchyard, <\/i> a meditative poem in quatrains
\nof ten-syllabled lines, by Thomas Gray. It
\nwas begun in 1742 and published in 1750\/51.
\nGray was recognized only after the publica-
\ntion of this poem. Its success was instantaneous and overwhelming. (Ox. Comp.; Enc.
\nBr.) a II: 15-16<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElements of Politics<\/b><\/i> title
\n<\/b>of a book (1891) by
\n<\/b>Henry Sidgwick. (Enc. Br.) a 1:427<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEleusinian<\/b> (Mysteries) the principal secret
\nreligious rites of ancient Greece, held at
\nELEUSIS. The mysteries dealt with the leg-
\nends ofDemeter, Kore (Persephone), and
\nDionysus. They were supposed to give the
\ninitiated a happy life after death. The nature
\nof the secret rites that took place at Eleusis
\nremains unknown despite ingenious guesses
\nfrom ancient times to the present. (Col.
\nEnc.) D 1:10 9:197 10:4-5, 25 11:4, 468-69 14:143, 145, 147 15:176 16:336, 338, 364 28:221 29:777 VI: 169 XVI: 138<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEleusis<\/b> ancient city of Attica in Greece, northwest of Athens, at the mouth of the
\nCephisus River. Through ancient times it was
\nthe seat of the Eleusinian Mysteries. There
\nwas in it a large temple to Demeter. Ruins
\nof the city and temple near the modern
\nvillage of Eleusis have been excavated.
\n(Col. Enc.) a 10:439 XV: 20<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElgar<\/b>, Sir Edward (William) (1857-1934), a composer whose works in the late 19th-
\ncentury orchestral
\n<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nidiom stimulated a renaissance of English music. He
\nwas the first English composer of international
\nstature since Henry Purcell (1659-95).
\n(Enc.Br.) a 22:203<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElibank, <\/b> Master of "Master" is a title given
\nto certain Scottish peers. The Master of
\nElibank referred to by Sri Aurobindo was
\nAlexander William Charles Oliphant Murray
\n(1870-1920). A Liberal M.P. from 1900 to
\n1912, he was Undersecretary of State for
\nIndia from 1909 to 1910 (before Montague
\ntook over) and Parliamentary Secretary to
\nthe Treasury from 1910 to 1912. (Wolpert, p. 282) a I : I 43<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElinoure<\/b> and Juga<\/b><\/i> a collection of poems by
\nChatterton (1764); they were supposedly
\nwritten by a 15th-century monk of Bristol, Thomas Rowley, a fictitious character
\ncreated by Chatterton. The name was taken
\nfrom a civilian’s monument brass at St.
\nJohn’s Church, Bristol. (Enc.Br.; A)
\nD II: 18<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEliot, <\/b> Thomas Steams (1888-1965), American-English poet, playwright, and
\ncritic. A leader of the modernist movement
\nin poetry, he was awarded the 1948 Nobel
\nPrize for literature. His works are widely
\ntranslated. (Enc.Br.) a 5:374 9:480
\n29:780<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEliot, George<\/b> pseudonym of Mary Ann
\nEvans (1819-80), great Victorian novelist
\nwho developed the method of psychological
\nanalysis that is characteristic of modern
\nfiction. (Enc.Br.) a 9:327<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElizabeth<\/b> Elizabeth I of England (1533-
\n1603), queen of England (1558-1603). During
\nthe 45 years of her reign, England passed
\nthrough one of the greatest periods of its
\nnational history – a period that produced
\nShakespeare, Edmund Spenser, Francis
\nBacon, Walter Raleigh and other notable
\nfigures, a period in which England became
\na first-rate European power and colonization was begun. The meaning of the term
\n"Elizabethan Age" in English literature is
\nsometimes extended to include the Jacobean
\nPeriod (1603-25). (Col. Enc.; H.L.) Der:<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElizabethan<\/b> a 3:96, 108, 233, 302-03, 305-06
\n4:99, 212, 219 6:1 9:25, 51-53, 57, 60, 62-63, 66-70, 72-76, 78-82, 86, 106, 111-13, 116, 168, 170-71, 226, 314, 395, 523, 529 14:302 15:357, 513 26:253-54, 264, 317, 322-23 27:81 29:758 I: 13-14 II: 12-13<\/font><\/p>\n

Ella a character participating in "A
\nDialogue" (incomplete) written by Sri
\nAurobindo about 1891. (A&R, II:91)
\na 11:9<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

\n Page-106<\/font><\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n
\n

\nElla,<\/b> an Interlude<\/i> a poem by Chatterton.<\/font><\/p>\n

n II: 18<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEllis, Havelock<\/b> (Henry) Havelock Ellis
\n(1859-1939), English essayist, editor, and physician who studied human sexual behaviour. (Enc. Br.) 9:329<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElohim<\/b>, The a proposed character
\nmentioned in the Dramatis Personae of Sri
\nAurobindo’s play The Birth of Sin.<\/i> It is the
\ncommon Hebrew name of God. (C.O.D.) 7:901<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEl Roghi<\/b> Moorish soldier who, along with
\nhis captured followers, received in 1909 a
\nmost barbarous treatment from his victorious
\nrival, MulaiHamid. (A) 2:216<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElsass-Lothringen<\/b> German equivalent of
\nALSACE-LORRAINE, 15:410<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nElysium<\/b> also called Elysian Plain or Elysian
\nFields, in Greek religion, the pre-Hellenic
\nparadise, a happy otherworld for heroes
\nfavoured by the gods, and identified with the
\nIsles of the Blessed. It was situated in the
\ndistant west, at the edge of the world. In
\nlater tradition and in Virgil, it is a part of the
\nunderworld (Hades) and a pleasant abode
\nfor the righteous dead. (Col. Enc.) Der:<\/font><\/p>\n

Elysian 3:1, 488 5:31, 449, 460 6:18, 469 28:234 29:493, 523<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEmerson<\/b>1, Ralph Waldo (1803-82), American lecturer, poet, and essayist. He
\nwas the leading exponent of New England
\nTranscendentalism. (Enc. Br.) a 1:189
\n9:1, 179, 460 14:16, 46 17:181 V: 18
\nXVIII: 154<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEmerson2<\/b> superintendent of Alipore Jail in
\nwhich Sri Aurobindo was kept as an under-
\ntrial prisoner. He had all the virtues of a
\nChristian gentleman, but lacked in energy
\nand administrative efficiency. (A)
\n04:273, 276, 297<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEmmett<\/b> Robert<\/b> Emmet<\/b> (1778-1803), Irish
\npatriot remembered as a romantic hero of
\nIrish lost causes. In July 1803 he started a
\nmarch on Dublin Castle. The rebellion
\nturned into a brawl and Emmet fled. He was
\ncaptured, tried and hanged. (Col. Enc.) 1:368, 413<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEmpedocles<\/b> (c. 490-430 Be), Greek philosopher, statesman, poet, religious teacher, and physiologist. (Enc. Br.) <\/b>9:320 16:341, 350 XIV: 127<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\nEmpire<\/i> an Anglo-Indian journal of Calcutta, a contemporary of Bande Mataram.
\n<\/i>(N.S.I.)<\/b> n 1:187, 332, 343, 364, 407-08, 555-56, 650 3:454 4:220, 257<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEmpire Day<\/b> May 24th, birthday <\/b>of Queen Victoria, observed as a holiday, especially
\na school holiday, in the former British
\nEmpire. (C.O.D.) 1:328-29, 478<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnceladus<\/b> in Greek mythology, a giant with
\na hundred arms, a son of Uranus and Ge, who fought against the gods. He was hurled
\ndown by Athene and imprisoned beneath
\nMt. Aetna in Sicily. When he stirs, the
\nmountain shakes; when he breathes, there
\nis an eruption. (M.I.; Web.) 5:494 29:507<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEncyclopedia<\/b> Britannica<\/b><\/i> ("Brittanica", in the
\ntext, is a misspelling) the oldest and largest
\nEnglish language general encyclopedia. It
\nhas been continuously published since 1768
\nwhen its first edition began to appear in
\nEdinburgh, Scotland. Since the 14th edition
\n(1929) this encyclopedia has been published
\nin the United States. The New Encyclopedia
\nBritannica<\/i> (15th edition) of 1977 is in 30
\nvolumes. The passage quoted here (27: 353-
\n54) is from a pre-1907 edition.
\nn 27:353<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEndymion<\/b> in Greek mythology, the son of
\nAethlius and king of Elis. He was loved by
\nSelene, the goddess of the moon, by whom
\nhe had 50 daughters. John Keats in his poem
\nEndymion<\/i> elaborated on this legend. Here
\n(3:69), however, the reference is not to the
\nmythological king, nor to the poem, but to
\nthe writer of the poem, Keats. (Enc. Br.) 3:69<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEndymion<\/i><\/b> a long poem (1818) by John Keats
\non a Greek legend (see previous article). It
\nbegins with the famous line "A thing of
\nbeauty is a joy for ever". Much abusive
\ncriticism was heaped on this poem. (Enc.
\nBr.) 3:254 9:130-31<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nAn Enemy of the People<\/b><\/i> drama of social
\ncriticism by Henrik Ibsen, first performed
\nin 1883 and published in 1939. It is about
\na medical officer in conflict with city
\nauthorities over the issue of sewage con-
\ntamination in a town prosperous from its
\nfamous baths. (Enc. Br.)
\nn 15:485<\/font><\/p>\n

\n <\/p>\n

\nEnghien<\/b> Louis-Antoine-Henri<\/b> de Bourbon-Conde, due d’Enghien (1772-1804), French
\nprince who was suspected by Napoleon of
\nparticipating in a conspiracy. Napoleon had
\nthe duke kidnapped and, within the space of
\na few hours, had him court-martialled and shot. This atrocity ended all hope of
\nreconciliation between Napoleon and the royal
\nHouse of Bourbon. (Enc. Br.; Col. Enc.)
\na 17:384<\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n

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