{"id":869,"date":"2013-07-13T01:30:55","date_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:30:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=869"},"modified":"2013-07-13T01:30:55","modified_gmt":"2013-07-13T01:30:55","slug":"16-the-cow-and-the-angirasa-legend-vol-10-the-secret-of-the-veda-volume-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/01-works-of-sri-aurobindo\/01-sabcl\/10-the-secret-of-the-veda-volume-10\/16-the-cow-and-the-angirasa-legend-vol-10-the-secret-of-the-veda-volume-10","title":{"rendered":"-16_The Cow and the Angirasa Legend.htm"},"content":{"rendered":"<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"6\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse\" width=\"100%\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div class=\"Section1\">\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\"><b><br \/>\n<font size=\"4\">C<\/font><font size=\"2\">HAPTER<\/font><font size=\"4\"><br \/>\nXIV <\/font><\/b> <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\"><b><br \/>\n<font size=\"4\">The Cow and the Angirasa Legend <\/font><\/b> <\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 98pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<b><font size=\"4\">W<\/font><font size=\"2\">E MUST <\/font><\/b>now pursue this image of the<br \/>\nCow which we are using as a key to the sense of the Veda, into<br \/>\nthe striking Vedic parable or legend of the Angirasa Rishis, on<br \/>\nthe whole the most important of all the Vedic myths. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">The Vedic hymns, whatever else they may be, are throughout<br \/>\nan invocation to certain &quot;Aryan&quot; gods, friends and helpers of<br \/>\nman, for ends which are held by the singers, \u2014 or seers, as they<br \/>\ncall themselves <i>(kavi, r<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>si,<br \/>\nvipra), \u2014<\/i> to be supremely desirable<br \/>\n<i>(vara, var&#257;).<\/i> These desirable ends, these boons of the gods are<br \/>\nsummed up in the words <i>rayi, r&#257;dhas,<\/i> which may mean physically<br \/>\nwealth or prosperity, and psychologically a felicity or enjoyment<br \/>\nwhich consists in the abundance of certain forms of spiritual<br \/>\nwealth. Man contributes as his share of the joint effort the work<br \/>\nof the sacrifice, the Word, the Soma-Wine and the <i>ghr<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>ta<\/i> or clarified butter. The gods<br \/>\nare born in the sacrifice, they increase by<br \/>\nthe Word, the Wine and the <i>ghr<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>ta<\/i> and in that strength and in the<br \/>\necstasy and intoxication of the Wine they accomplish the aims<br \/>\nof the sacrificer. The chief elements of the wealth thus acquired<br \/>\nare the Cow and the Horse; but there are also others, <i>hiran<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>ya, <\/i>gold, <i>v&#299;ra,<\/i> men or heroes, <i>ratha,<\/i> chariots, <i>praj&#257;<\/i><br \/>\nor <i>apatya,<br \/>\n<\/i>offspring. The very means of the sacrifice, the fire, the Soma,<br \/>\nthe <i>ghr<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>ta,<\/i><br \/>\nare supplied by the gods and they attend the sacrifice<br \/>\nas its priests, purifiers, upholders, heroes of its warfare, \u2014 for<br \/>\nthere are those who hate the sacrifice and the Word, attack the<br \/>\nsacrificer and tear or withhold from him the coveted wealth.<br \/>\nThe chief conditions of the prosperity so ardently desired are the<br \/>\nrising of the Dawn and the Sun and the downpour of the rain of<br \/>\nheaven and of the seven rivers, \u2014 physical or mystic, \u2014 called<br \/>\nin the Veda the Mighty Ones of heaven. But even this prosperity,<br \/>\nthis fullness of cows, horses, gold, men, chariots, offspring, is<br \/>\nnot a final end in itself; all this is a means towards the opening <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 132<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">up of the other worlds, the winning of Swar, the ascent to the<br \/>\nsolar heavens, the attainment by the path of the Truth to the<br \/>\nLight and to the heavenly Bliss where the mortal arrives at Immortality. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Such is the undoubted substance of the Veda. The ritual<br \/>\nand mythological sense which has been given to it from very<br \/>\nancient times is well known and need not be particularised; in<br \/>\nsum, it is the performance of sacrificial worship as the chief duty<br \/>\nof man with a view to the enjoyment of wealth here and heaven<br \/>\nhereafter. We know also the modern view of the matter in which<br \/>\nthe Veda is a worship of the personified sun, moon, stars, dawn,<br \/>\nwind, rain, fire, sky, rivers and other deities of Nature, the propitiation of<br \/>\nthese gods by sacrifice, the winning and holding of<br \/>\nwealth in this life, chiefly from human and Dravidian enemies<br \/>\nand against hostile demons and mortal plunderers, and after<br \/>\ndeath man&#8217;s attainment to the Paradise of the gods. We now<br \/>\nfind, that however valid these ideas may have been for the vulgar,<br \/>\nthey were not the inner sense of the Veda to the seers, the illumined minds <i>(kavi,<br \/>\nvipra)<\/i> of the Vedic age. For them these material objects were symbols of<br \/>\nthe immaterial; the cows were the<br \/>\nradiances or illuminations of a divine Dawn, the horses and chariots were<br \/>\nsymbols of force and movement, gold was light, the<br \/>\nshining wealth of a divine Sun\u2014the true light, <i>r<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>tam jyotih<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>;<\/i> both the wealth acquired by the sacrifice and the sacrifice itself<br \/>\nin all their details symbolised man&#8217;s effort and his means towards<br \/>\na greater end, the acquisition of immortality. The aspiration of<br \/>\nthe Vedic seer was the enrichment and expansion of man&#8217;s being,<br \/>\nthe birth and the formation of the godheads in his life-sacrifice,<br \/>\nthe increase of the Force, Truth, Light, Joy of which they are<br \/>\nthe powers until through the enlarged and ever-opening worlds<br \/>\nof his being the soul of man rises, sees the divine doors <i>(dev&#299;r<br \/>\ndv&#257;rah<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>)<\/i><br \/>\nswing open to his call and enters into the supreme felicity<br \/>\nof a divine existence beyond heaven and earth. This ascent is the<br \/>\nparable of the Angirasa Rishis. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">All the gods are conquerors and givers of the Cows, the<br \/>\nHorse and the divine riches, but it is especially the great deity<br \/>\nIndra who is the hero and fighter in this warfare and who wins<br \/>\nfor man the Light and the Force. Therefore Indra is constantly <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 133<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">addressed as the Master of the herds, <i>gopati;<\/i> he is even imaged<br \/>\nas himself the cow and the horse; he is the good milker whom the<br \/>\nRishi wishes to milk and what he yields are perfect forms and<br \/>\nultimate thoughts; he is Vrishabha, the Bull of the herds; his is<br \/>\nthe wealth of cows and horses which man covets. It is even said<br \/>\nin VI.28.5, &quot;O people, these that are the cows, they are Indra; it is Indra I desire with my heart and with my mind.&quot; This identification<br \/>\nof the cows and Indra is important and we shall have to<br \/>\nreturn to it, when we deal with Madhuchchhandas&#8217; hymns to<br \/>\nthat deity. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">But ordinarily the Rishis image the acquisition of this wealth<br \/>\nas a conquest effected against certain powers, the Dasyus, sometimes represented as possessing the coveted riches which have to<br \/>\nbe ravished from them by violence, sometimes as stealing them<br \/>\nfrom the Aryan who has then to discover and recover the lost<br \/>\nwealth by the aid of the gods. The Dasyus who withhold or steal<br \/>\nthe cows are called the Panis, a word which seems originally to<br \/>\nhave meant doers, dealers or traffickers; but this significance is<br \/>\nsometimes coloured by its further sense of &quot;misers&quot;. Their chief<br \/>\nis Vala, a demon whose name signifies probably the circumscriber<br \/>\nor &quot;encloser&quot;, as Vritra means the opponent, obstructor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; or enfolding coverer. It is easy to suggest, as do the scholars who<br \/>\nwould read as much primitive history as possible into the Veda,<br \/>\nthat the Panis are the Dravidians and Vala is their chief or god.<br \/>\nBut this sense can only be upheld in isolated passages; in many<br \/>\nhymns it is incompatible with the actual words of the Rishis and<br \/>\nturns into a jumble of gaudy nonsense their images and figures.<br \/>\nWe have seen something of this incompatibility already; it will<br \/>\nbecome clearer to us as we examine more closely the mythus of<br \/>\nthe lost cows. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Vala dwells in a lair, a hole <i>(bila)<\/i> in the mountains; Indra<br \/>\nand the Angirasa Rishis have to pursue him there and force him<br \/>\nto give up his wealth: for he is Vala of the cows, <i>valasya gomatah<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>. <\/i>(1.11.5). The Panis also are represented as concealing the stolen<br \/>\nherds in a cave of the mountain which is called their concealing<br \/>\nprison, <i>vavra,<\/i> or the pen of the cows, <i>vraja,<\/i> or sometimes in a<br \/>\nsignificant phrase, <i>gavyam &#363;rvam,<\/i> literally the cowey wideness or<br \/>\nin the other sense <span>of<i> go<\/i><\/span><br \/>\n&quot;the luminous wideness&quot;, the vast wealth <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 134<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">of the shining herds. To recover this lost wealth the sacrifice has<br \/>\nto. be performed; the Angirasas or else Brihaspati and the<br \/>\nAngirasas have to chant the true word, <i>the mantra;<\/i> Sarama the<br \/>\nheavenly hound has to find out the cows in the cave of the Panis; <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Indra strong with the Soma-wine and the Angirasas, the seers,<br \/>\nhis companions, have to follow the track, enter the cave or violently break<br \/>\nopen the strong places of the hill, defeat the Panis<br \/>\nand drive upward the delivered herds. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Let us, first, take note of certain features which ought not to<br \/>\nbe overlooked when we seek to determine the interpretation of<br \/>\nthis parable or this myth. In the first place the legend, however<br \/>\nprecise in its images, is not yet in the Veda a simple mythological<br \/>\ntradition, but is used with a certain freedom and fluidity which<br \/>\nbetrays the significant image behind the sacred tradition. Often<br \/>\nit is stripped of the mythological aspect and applied to the personal need or<br \/>\naspiration of the singer. For it is an action of which<br \/>\nIndra is always capable; although he has done it once for all<br \/>\nin the type by means of the Angirasas, yet he repeats the type<br \/>\ncontinually even in the present, he is constantly the seeker of the<br \/>\ncows, <i>gaves<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>an<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>&#257;,<\/i> and the restorer<br \/>\nof the stolen wealth. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Sometimes we have simply the fact of the stolen cows and<br \/>\nthe recovery by Indra without any reference to Sarama or the<br \/>\nAngirasas or the Panis. But it is not always Indra who recovers<br \/>\nthe herds. We have for instance a hymn to Agni, the second of<br \/>\nthe fifth Mandala, a hymn of the Atris, in which the singer applies<br \/>\nthe image of the stolen cows to himself in a language which<br \/>\nclearly betrays its symbolism. Agni, long repressed in her womb<br \/>\nby mother Earth who is unwilling to give him to the father<br \/>\nHeaven, held and concealed in her so long as she is compressed<br \/>\ninto limited form <i>(pes<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>&#299;),<\/i><br \/>\nat length comes to birth when she becomes great and vast <i>(mahis<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>&#299;).<\/i> The birth of<br \/>\nAgni is associated<br \/>\nwith a manifestation or vision of luminous herds. &quot;I beheld afar<br \/>\nin a field one shaping his weapons who was golden-tusked and<br \/>\npure-bright of hue; I give to him the Amrita (the immortal<br \/>\nessence, Soma) in separate parts; what shall they do to me who<br \/>\nhave not Indra and have not the word? I beheld in the field as<br \/>\nit were a happy herd ranging continuously, many, shining; they<br \/>\nseized them not, for <i>he<\/i> was born; even those (cows) that were <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 135<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">old, become young again.&quot; But if these Dasyus who have not<br \/>\nIndra, nor the word, are at present powerless to seize on the luminous herds,<br \/>\nit was otherwise before this bright and formidable<br \/>\ngodhead was born. &quot;Who were they that divorced my strength<br \/>\n<i>(maryakam;<\/i> my host of men, my heroes, <i>v&#299;ra)<\/i> from the cows ?<br \/>\nFor they (my men) had no warrior and protector of the kine.<br \/>\nLet those who took them from me, release them; he knows and<br \/>\ncomes driving to us the cattle.&quot; <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">What, we may fairly ask, are these shining herds, these cows<br \/>\nwho were old and become young again ? Certainly, they are not<br \/>\nphysical herds, nor is it any earthly field by the Yamuna or the Jhelum that is the scene of this splendid vision of the<br \/>\ngolden-tusked warrior god and the herds of the shining cattle. They are<br \/>\nthe herds either of the physical or of the divine Dawn and the<br \/>\nlanguage suits ill with the former interpretation; this mystical<br \/>\nvision is surely a figure of the divine illumination. They are radiances that<br \/>\nwere stolen by the powers of darkness and are now<br \/>\ndivinely recovered not by the god of the physical fire, but by the<br \/>\nflaming Force which was concealed in the littleness of the material<br \/>\nexistence and is now liberated into the clarities of an illumined<br \/>\nmental action. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Indra is not, then, the only god who can break up the tenebrous cave and<br \/>\nrestore the lost radiances. There are other deities<br \/>\nto whom various hymns make the attribution of this great victory.<br \/>\nUsha is one of them, the divine Dawn, mother of these herds.<br \/>\n&quot;True with the gods who are true, great with the gods who are<br \/>\ngreat, sacrificial godhead with the gods sacrificial, she breaks<br \/>\nopen the strong places, she gives of the shining herds; the cows<br \/>\nlow towards the Dawn!&quot; (VII.75.7). Agni is another; sometimes<br \/>\nhe wars by himself as we have already seen, sometimes along with<br \/>\nIndra \u2014 &quot;Ye two warred over the cows, O Indra, O Agni&quot; (VI.<br \/>\n60.2); or, again, with Soma, &quot;O Agni and Soma, that heroic<br \/>\nmight of yours was made conscient when ye robbed the Pani of<br \/>\nthe cows&quot; (1.93.4). Soma in another passage is associated in this<br \/>\nvictory with Indra, &quot;This god born by force, stayed, with Indra<br \/>\nas his comrade, the Pani&quot; and performed all the exploits of the<br \/>\ngods warring against the Dasyus (VI.44.22). The Ashwins also<br \/>\nare credited with the same achievement in VI.62.11, &quot;Ye two <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 136<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">open the doors of the strong pen full of the kine&quot; and again in<br \/>\n1.112.18, &quot;O Angiras, (the twin Ashwins are sometimes unified<br \/>\nin a single appellation), ye two take delight by the mind and enter<br \/>\nfirst in the opening of the stream of the cows&quot;, where the sense is<br \/>\nevidently the liberated, outflowing stream or sea of the Light. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Brihaspati is more frequently the hero of this victory.<br \/>\n&quot;Brihaspati, coming first into birth from the great Light in the<br \/>\nsupreme ether, seven-mouthed, multiply-born, seven-rayed, dispelled the<br \/>\ndarknesses; he with his host that possess the <i>stubh<br \/>\n<\/i>and the Rik broke Vala into pieces by his cry. Shouting Brihaspati drove<br \/>\nupwards the bright herds that speed the offering<br \/>\nand they lowed in reply&quot; (IV.50.4,5). And again in VI.73.1 and<br \/>\n3, &quot;Brihaspati who is the hill-breaker, the first-born, the Angirasa&#8230;. Brihaspati<br \/>\nconquered the treasures <i>(vas&#363;ni),<\/i> great pens<br \/>\nthis god won full of the kine.&quot; The Maruts also, singers of the<br \/>\nRik like Brihaspati, are associated, though less directly in this<br \/>\ndivine action. &quot;He whom ye foster, O Maruts, shall break open<br \/>\nthe pen&quot; (VI.66.8), and elsewhere we hear of the cows of the<br \/>\nMaruts (1.38.2). Pushan, the Increaser, a form of the sun-god is<br \/>\nalso invoked for the pursuit and recovery of the stolen cattle<br \/>\n(VI. 54.5,6,10): &quot;Let Pushan follow after our kine, let him protect our<br \/>\nwar-steeds&#8230;. Pushan, go thou after the kine&#8230;. Let him<br \/>\ndrive back to us that which was lost.&quot; Even Saraswati becomes<br \/>\na slayer of the Panis. And in Madhuchchhandas&#8217; hymn (1.11.5)<br \/>\nwe have this striking image, &quot;O lord of the thunderbolt, thou<br \/>\ndidst uncover the hole of Vala of the cows; the gods, unfearing,<br \/>\nentered speeding (or putting forth their force) into thee.&quot; <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Is there a definite sense in these variations which will bind<br \/>\nthem together into a single coherent idea or is it at random that<br \/>\nthe Rishis invoke now this and now the other deity in the search<br \/>\nand war for their lost cattle ? If we will consent to take the ideas<br \/>\nof the Veda as a whole instead of bewildering ourselves in the play<br \/>\nof separate detail, we shall find a very simple and sufficient answer.<br \/>\nThis matter of the lost herds is only part of a whole system of<br \/>\nconnected symbols and images. They are recovered by the<br \/>\nsacrifice and the fiery god Agni is the flame, the power and the<br \/>\npriest of the sacrifice;\u2014by the Word, and Brihaspati is the<br \/>\nfather of the Word, the Maruts its singers or Brahmas, <i>brahm&#257;n<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>o<\/i> <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 137<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\"><i>marutah<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>,<\/i><br \/>\nSaraswati its inspiration; \u2014 by the Wine, and Soma is<br \/>\nthe god of the Wine and the Ashwins its seekers, finders, givers,<br \/>\ndrinkers. The herds are the herds of Light and the Light comes<br \/>\nby the Dawn and by the Sun of whom Pushan is a form. Finally,<br \/>\nIndra is the head of all these gods, lord of the light, king of the<br \/>\nluminous heaven called Swar, \u2014 he is, we say, the luminous or<br \/>\ndivine Mind, into him all the gods enter and take part in his un-<br \/>\nveiling of the hidden light. We see therefore that there is a perfect<br \/>\nappropriateness in the attribution of one and the same victory<br \/>\nto these different deities and in Madhuchchhandas&#8217; image of the<br \/>\ngods entering into Indra for the stroke against Vala. Nothing<br \/>\nhas been done at random or in obedience to a confused fluidity of<br \/>\nideas. The Veda is perfect and beautiful in its coherence and its<br \/>\nunity. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Moreover, the conquest of the Light is only part of the great<br \/>\naction of the Vedic sacrifice. The gods have to win by it all the<br \/>\nboons <i>(vi&#347;va v&#257;ry&#257;)<\/i> which are necessary for the conquest<br \/>\nof immortality and the emergence of the hidden illuminations is only<br \/>\none of these. Force, the Horse, is as necessary as Light, the Cow; not only must Vala be reached and the light won from his jealous<br \/>\ngrasp, but Vritra must be slain and the waters released; the emergence of the<br \/>\nshining herds means the rising of the Dawn and the<br \/>\nSun; that again is incomplete without the sacrifice, the fire, the<br \/>\nwine. All these things are different members of one action, some-<br \/>\ntimes mentioned separately, sometimes in groups, sometimes<br \/>\ntogether as if in a single action, a grand total conquest. And the<br \/>\nresult of their possession is the revelation of the vast Truth and<br \/>\nthe conquest of Swar, the luminous world, called frequently the<br \/>\nwide other world, <i>urum u lokam<\/i> or simply <i>u lokam.<\/i> We must<br \/>\ngrasp this unity first if we are to understand the separate introduction of<br \/>\nthese symbols in the various passages of the Rig-veda. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Thus in VI. 73 which has already been cited, we find a brief<br \/>\nhymn of three verses in which these symbols are briefly put together in their<br \/>\nunity; it might almost be described as one of the<br \/>\nmnemonic hymns of the Veda which serve to keep in mind the<br \/>\nunity of its sense and its symbolism. &quot;He who is the hill-breaker,<br \/>\nfirst-born, possessed of the truth, Brihaspati, the Angirasa, the<br \/>\ngiver of the oblation, pervader of the two worlds, dweller in the <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 138<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">heat and light (of the sun), our father, roars aloud as the Bull to<br \/>\nthe two firmaments. Brihaspati who for man the voyager has<br \/>\nfashioned that other world in the calling of the gods, slaying the<br \/>\nVritra-forces breaks open the cities, conquering foes and overpowering<br \/>\nunfriends in his battles. Brihaspati conquers for him<br \/>\nthe treasures, great pens this god wins full of the kine, seeking the<br \/>\nconquest of the world of Swar, unassailable; Brihaspati slays the<br \/>\nFoe by the hymns of illumination <i>(arkaih<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>).<\/i><span>&quot; <i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span>We see at<br \/>\nonce the<br \/>\nunity of this many-sided symbolism. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Another passage more mystic in its language brings in the<br \/>\nidea of the dawn and the restoration or new-birth of light in the<br \/>\nsun which are not expressly mentioned in the brief hymn to Brihaspati. It is in<br \/>\nthe praise of Soma of which the opening phrase<br \/>\nhas already been cited, VI.44.22; &quot;This god born by force, stayed,<br \/>\nwith Indra as his comrade, the Pani; he it was wrested from his<br \/>\nown unblest father (the divided being) his weapons of war and his<br \/>\nforms of knowledge <i>(m&#257;y&#257;h<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>),<\/i> he it was made the Dawns glorious<br \/>\nin their lord, he it was created in the Sun the Light within, he it<br \/>\nwas found the triple principle (of immortality) in heaven in its<br \/>\nregions of splendour (the three worlds of Swar) and in the<br \/>\ntripartite worlds the hidden immortality (this is the giving of the<br \/>\nAmrita in separate parts alluded to in the Atris hymn to Agni,<br \/>\nthe threefold offering of the Soma given on the three levels, <i>tris<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>u<br \/>\ns&#257;nus<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>u,<\/i><br \/>\nbody, life and mind); he it was supported widely heaven<br \/>\nand earth, he it was fashioned the car with the seven rays; he it<br \/>\nwas held by his force the ripe yield (of the <i>madhu<\/i> or <i>ghr<span lang=\"VI\">&#803;<\/span>ta)<\/i> in the<br \/>\ncows, even the fountain of the ten movements&quot; (VI. 44.22-24).<br \/>\nIt certainly seems astonishing to me that so many acute and eager<br \/>\nminds should have read such hymns as these without realising<br \/>\nthat they are the sacred poems of symbolists and mystics, not of<br \/>\nNature-worshipping barbarians or of rude Aryan invaders war-<br \/>\nring with the civilised and Vedantic Dravidians. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Let us now pass rapidly through certain other passages in<br \/>\nwhich there is a more scattered collocation of these symbols.<br \/>\nFirst, we find that in this image of the cavern-pen, in the hill, as<br \/>\nelsewhere, the Cow and Horse go together. We have seen Pushan<br \/>\ncalled upon to seek for the cows and protect the horses. The two<br \/>\nforms of the Aryan&#8217;s wealth always at the mercy of marauders ? <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 139<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">But let us see. &quot;So in thy ecstasy of the Soma thou didst break<br \/>\nopen, O hero (Indra), the pen of the Cow and the Horse, like a<br \/>\ncity&quot; (VIII.32.5). &quot;Break open for us the thousands of the Cow<br \/>\nand the Horse&quot; (VIII.34.14). &quot;That which thou boldest, O Indra,<br \/>\nthe Cow and the Horse and the imperishable enjoyment, confirm<br \/>\nthat in the sacrificer and not in the Pani; he who lies in the slumber, doing<br \/>\nnot the work and seeking not the gods, let him perish<br \/>\nby his own impulsions; thereafter confirm perpetually (in us) the<br \/>\nwealth that must increase&quot; (VIII.97.2,3). In another hymn the<br \/>\nPanis are said to withhold the wealth of cows and horses. Always<br \/>\nthey are powers who receive the coveted wealth but do not use it,<br \/>\npreferring to slumber, avoiding the divine action <i>(vrata),<\/i> and they<br \/>\nare powers who must perish or be conquered before the wealth<br \/>\ncan be securely possessed by the sacrificer. And always the<br \/>\nCow and the Horse represent a concealed and imprisoned wealth<br \/>\nwhich has to be uncovered and released by a divine puissance. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">With the conquest of the shining herds is also associated the<br \/>\nconquest or the birth or illumination of the Dawn and the Sun,<br \/>\nbut this is a point whose significance we shall have to consider in<br \/>\nanother chapter. And associated with the Herds, the Dawn and<br \/>\nthe Sun are the Waters; for the slaying of Vritra with the release<br \/>\nof the waters and the defeat of Vala with the release of the herds<br \/>\nare two companion and not unconnected myths. In certain pas-<br \/>\nsages even, as in 1.32.4, the slaying of Vritra is represented as the<br \/>\npreliminary to the birth of the Sun, the Dawn and Heaven, and in<br \/>\nothers the opening of the Hill to the flowing of the Waters. For<br \/>\nthe general connection we may note the following passages: VII.<br \/>\n90.4, &quot;The Dawns broke forth perfect in their shining and un-<br \/>\nhurt; meditating they (the Angirasas) found the wide Light; they<br \/>\nwho desire opened the wideness of the cows and the waters for<br \/>\nthem flowed forth from heaven&quot;; 1.72.8, &quot;By right thought the<br \/>\nseven Mighty Ones of heaven (the seven rivers) knew the truth<br \/>\nand knew the doors of bliss; Sarama found the strong wideness<br \/>\nof the cows and by that the human creature enjoys&quot;; 1.100.18 of<br \/>\nIndra and the Maruts, &quot;He with his shining companions won the<br \/>\nfield, won the Sun, won the waters&quot;; V. 14.4 of Agni, &quot;Agni, born,<br \/>\nshone out slaying the Dasyus.-by the Light the Darkness; he<br \/>\nfound the cows, the waters and Swar&quot;; VI.60.2 of Indra and <\/p>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 140<\/font><\/p>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Agni, &quot;Ye two warred over the cows, the waters, Swar, the dawns<br \/>\nthat were ravished; O Indra, O Agni, thou unitest (to us) the regions, Swar,<br \/>\nthe brilliant dawns, the waters and the cows&quot;; 1.32.<br \/>\n12 of Indra, &quot;O hero, thou didst conquer the cow, thou didst<br \/>\nconquer the Soma; thou didst loose forth to their flowing the seven rivers.&quot; <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">In the last passage we see Soma coupled with the cows<br \/>\namong the conquests of Indra. Usually the Soma-intoxication is<br \/>\nthe strength in which Indra conquers the cows; e.g. III.43.7, the<br \/>\nSoma &quot;in the intoxication of which thou didst open up the cow-<br \/>\npens&quot;; (II. 15.8), &quot;He, hymned by the Angirasas, broke Vala and<br \/>\nhurled apart the strong places of the hill; he severed their artificial<br \/>\nobstructions; these things Indra did in the intoxication of<br \/>\nthe Soma&quot;. Sometimes, however; the working is reversed and it<br \/>\nis the Light that brings the bliss of the Soma-wine or they come<br \/>\ntogether as in 1.62.5, &quot;Hymned by the Angirasas, O achiever of<br \/>\nworks, thou didst open the dawns with (or by) the Sun and with<br \/>\n(or by) the cows the Soma&quot;. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">Agni is also, like the Soma, an indispensable element of the<br \/>\nsacrifice and therefore we find Agni too included in these formulas of<br \/>\nassociation, as in VII.99.4: &quot;Ye made that wide other<br \/>\nworld for (as the goal of) the sacrifice, bringing into being the<br \/>\nSun and the Dawn and Agni&quot;, and we have the same formula in<br \/>\nIII.31.15, with the addition of the Path and in VII.44.3, with the<br \/>\naddition of the cow. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\" style=\"text-indent: 24pt;line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">From these examples it will appear how closely the different<br \/>\nsymbols and parables of the Veda are connected with each other<br \/>\nand we shall therefore miss the true road of interpretation if we<br \/>\ntreat the legend of the Angirasas and the Panis as an isolated<br \/>\nmythus which we can interpret at our pleasure without careful<br \/>\nregard to its setting in the general thought of the Veda and the<br \/>\nlight that that general thought casts upon the figured language in<br \/>\nwhich the legend is recounted. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style='text-align:center'>\n<p style=\"line-height: 150%;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0\">\n<font size=\"2\">Page \u2013 141<\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CHAPTER XIV The Cow and the Angirasa Legend &nbsp; WE MUST now pursue this image of the Cow which we are using as a key&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10-the-secret-of-the-veda-volume-10","wpcat-17-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=869"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/869\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/worksofthemotherandsriaurobindo.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}