Letters on Poetry and Art

 

 

CONTENTS

 

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PART ONE
POETRY AND ITS CREATION

     
 

Section One. The Sources of Poetry

   

Poetic Creation

   

Sources of Inspiration

   

Overhead Poetry

   

Examples of Overhead Poetry

     
 

Section Two. The Poetry of the Spirit

   

Psychic, Mystic and Spiritual Poetry

   

Poet, Yogi, Rishi, Prophet, Genius

   

The Poet and the Poem

     
 

Section Three. Poetic Technique

   

Technique, Inspiration, Artistry

   

Rhythm

   

English Metres

   

Greek and Latin Classical Metres

   

Quantitative Metre in English and Bengali

   

Metrical Experiments in Bengali

   

Rhyme

   

English Poetic Forms

   

Substance, Style, Diction

   

Grades of Perfection in Poetic Style

   

Examples of Grades of Perfection in Poetic Style

     
 

Section Four. Translation

   

Translation: Theory

   

Translation: Practice

     
 

PART TWO
ON HIS OWN AND OTHERS’ POETRY

     
 

Section One. On His Poetry and Poetic Method

   

Inspiration, Effort, Development

   

Early Poetic Influences

   

On Early Translations and Poems

   

On Poems Published in Ahana and Other Poems

   

Metrical Experiments

   

On Some Poems Written during the 1930s

   

On Savitri

   

Comments on Some Remarks by a Critic

   

On the Publication of His Poetry

     
 

Section Two. On Poets and Poetry

   

Great Poets of the World

   

Remarks on Individual Poets

   

Comments on Some Examples of Western Poetry (up to 1900)

   

Twentieth-Century Poetry

   

Comments on Examples of Twentieth-Century Poetry

   

Indian Poetry in English

   

Poets of the Ashram

   

Comments on the Work of Poets of the Ashram

   

Philosophers, Intellectuals, Novelists and Musicians

   

Comments on Some Passages of Prose

     
 

Section Three. Practical Guidance for Aspiring Writers

   

Guidance in Writing Poetry

   

Guidance in Writing Prose

   

Remarks on English Pronunciation

   

Remarks on English Usage

   

Remarks on Bengali Usage

     
 

PART THREE
LITERATURE, ART, BEAUTY AND YOGA

     
 

Section One.  Appreciation of Poetry and the Arts

   

Appreciation of Poetry

   

Appreciation of the Arts in General

   

Comparison of the Arts

   

Appreciation of Music

     
 

Section Two. On the Visual Arts

   

General Remarks on the Visual Arts

   

Problems of the Painter

   

Painting in the Ashram

     
 

Section Three. Beauty and Its Appreciation

   

General Remarks on Beauty

   

Appreciation of Beauty

     
 

Section Four. Literature, Art, Music and the Practice of Yoga

   

Literature and Yoga

   

Painting, Music, Dance and Yoga

     
 

APPENDIXES

   

Appendix I. The Problem of the Hexameter

   

Appendix II. An Answer to a Criticism

   

Appendix III. Remarks on a Review

     
 

NOTE ON THE TEXTS

Appreciation of Beauty

 

The Right Way of Appreciating Beauty

 

That is the right consciousness, not to desire or to be attached to the possession of anything for oneself, but to take the universal beauty etc. for a spiritual selfless Ananda.

6 November 1933

 

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There is nothing harmful in the thing [aspiration for beauty] itself ―on the contrary to awake to the universal beauty and refinement of the Mahalakshmi force is good. It is not an expression of greed or lust ―only into these things a perversion can always come if one allows it, as into the Mahakali experience there may come rajasic anger and violence, so here there may come vital passion for possession and enjoyment. One must look at the beauty as the artist does without desire of possession or vital enjoyment of the lower kind.

8 October 1933

 

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Is it possible to get rid of vital impurities without getting rid of vital enjoyment?

 

How can that be done? The enjoyment you speak of is vital-physical, while beauty has to be enjoyed with the aesthetic sense ―either human or divinised.

6 April 1933

 

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It is usually a good rule for other inward things beside the appreciation of the beauty of Nature ―to keep it for oneself or else to share it only with those who have the same sense or the same experience.

15 March 1934  

 

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Beauty in Women

 

In regard to beauty in women, is there something inherent in the body that we call beautiful, a well-formed shape, physiognomy, harmony of movements, etc. It seems to most men it is colour + skin + physiognomy. But there are some women who do not have these in the body and yet are attractive. Is it something in their vital that gives them this beauty?

 

It is something vital in some cases, something psychic in others that gives a beauty which appears in the body but is not beauty of shape, colour or texture.

 

Often the vital and mental character of persons who have physical beauty is not good, sometimes it is even repulsive. Many would refuse to recognise it as beautiful.

 

If it is vital in its origin, it need not come from beauty of mind or character; it is something in the life-force which may go with a good character but also with a bad one.

 

Indians hardly appreciate the beauty of the Chinese or Japanese; like Europeans, they cannot appreciate beauty in Negroes. Many Asiatics could not appreciate the beauty of European models or actresses, who are so lacking in modesty according to their conceptions.

 

Modesty is not part of physical beauty, that is a mental-vital element. As for physical beauty, different races have different conceptions. Indians and Europeans like curves, Chinese detest them in a woman.

 

An intellectual would find beauty only in an intellectual woman; an emotional person would call a woman beautiful only if she has refined tender feelings; for a Gandhian a woman would be beautiful only if she spins eight hours a day or works for Harijans.

 

That has nothing to do with beauty in the ordinary sense as it is beauty of intellect or beauty of character or beauty of spinning and Harijanising.  

 

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Perhaps at a certain stage of psychic development one could look at human beauty as one looks at beauty in cats or dogs ―recognising the beauty without any attraction.

 

One can recognise and feel without any desire of possession or sexual feeling etc. That is how the artists look at beauty ―they delight in it for its own sake.

 

Supposing people developed the faculty of seeing the layers below the skin, would not their whole conception of beauty crumble down?

 

Yes, probably, unless the mind reconstructed a new idea of it.

 

Does not the conception of beauty differ according to race, temperament and level of consciousness?

 

Yes.

 

Are not attractiveness and beauty different?

 

Yes.

 

Is there nothing constant called "beauty"?

 

There are two kinds of beauty. There is that universal beauty which is seen by the inner eye, heard by the inner ear etc. ― but the individual consciousness responds to some forms, not to others, according to its own mental, vital and physical reactions. There is also the aesthetic beauty which depends on a particular standard of harmony, but different race or individual consciousnesses form different standards of aesthetic harmony.

18 October 1935

 

Physical Beauty and Sex-Sensation

 

Why should the pure sense of beauty have been so distorted by human beings as to be turned into desire for touch or sex?

 

It is part of the general degradation which things divine have  

 

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been subjected to in the evolution out of the material Inconscience under the pressure of the Powers of the Ignorance.

 

Are there people who have not been affected by this vital impurity and who appreciate beauty in a subtle aesthetic way only?

 

Yes, certainly. Artists who have trained their mind to a purely aesthetic look at beauty and beautiful things ―for one instance. There are many others also, who have a sufficiently developed refinement of the aesthetic sense not to associate it with the crude vital wish for possession, enjoyment or sensual contact.

6 April 1933

 

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The aesthetic and impersonal vision of things can develop into the sight of the Divine Beauty everywhere which is in its nature entirely pure.

19 April 1933

 

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What is the difference between the artistic look and the vital look?

 

In the artistic look there is only the perception of beauty and the joy of it because it exists and one has seen and felt it. There is no desire to possess or enjoy in the vital way.

4 August 1933

 

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